April 2009
Volume 50, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2009
Automated Combination of Tortuosity and Dilation Measures in Assessment of Retinopathy of Prematurity With "ROPtool"
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • A. E. Kiely
    Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina
  • D. K. Wallace
    Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
  • S. F. Freedman
    Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
  • Z. Zhao
    Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  A.E. Kiely, None; D.K. Wallace, None; S.F. Freedman, None; Z. Zhao, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  National Eye Institute K23 EY015806
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2009, Vol.50, 5724. doi:
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      A. E. Kiely, D. K. Wallace, S. F. Freedman, Z. Zhao; Automated Combination of Tortuosity and Dilation Measures in Assessment of Retinopathy of Prematurity With "ROPtool". Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2009;50(13):5724.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : Computer-assisted evaluation of disease severity in retinopathy of prematurity is an important diagnostic frontier, with implications for telemedicine as well as standardization of a subjective clinical evaluation. We have previously validated the ability of ROPtool to quantify separately tortuosity and dilation of posterior pole vessels. Here, our aim was to combine these parameters into a clinically meaningful measure and to assess the usefulness of this measure in evaluating posterior pole photographs.

Methods: : "Tortuosity & Dilation Indices" (TI & DI) generated by ROPtool were compared to consensus grades of 2 authors (DKW & SFF) for 154 posterior pole vessels in 20 RetCam images. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for both TI & DI, plus and pre-plus disease thresholds (or cut-off points) were chosen based on optimal sensitivity and specificity. All 80 quadrants were then scored based on the most dilated and the most tortuous major vessel in the quadrant, using a scale of 2 = plus, 1 = pre-plus, and 0 = neither plus nor pre-plus. Each quadrant’s "Plus Index" was calculated as the sum of the dilation and the tortuosity score, yielding a Plus Index of 0-4. These Plus Indices were compared to masked author consensus of plus disease, pre-plus disease, or neither.

Results: : Compared with masked author consensus of pre-plus disease at the quadrant level, a Plus Index of 2 was 98.0% sensitive and 77.4% specific and a PI of 3 captured 91.8% of cases with no false positives (100% specificity). Compared with masked author consensus of plus disease, a PI of 4 had a sensitivity of 88.2% with 73.0% specificity, while a PI of 3 captured all cases (100% sensitive) with a 44% false positive rate.

Conclusions: : The "Plus Index" represents a new, meaningful integration of ROPtool’s Tortuosity & Dilation Indices. It compares favorably to subjective ROP severity grades of experienced examiners in a pilot image set and should enhance ROPtool’s clinical functionality.

Keywords: retinopathy of prematurity • imaging/image analysis: clinical 
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