Abstract
Purpose: :
To demonstrate the different retinal morphological characteristics on SD Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in a spectrum of posterior uveitic diseases.
Methods: :
Patients presented with infectious and non-infectious posterior uveitic diseases from May 2009 were included in the study. The patients underwent a detailed ophthalmic exam and SDOCT(Spectralis, Heidelberg) imaging. OCT scans were directed to the pathological retinal areas that were demonstrated in the clinical examination. All scans were high resolution single-line scans with high magnification.
Results: :
Seventeen eyes(10 patients) were included. Three patients had infectious uveitis: 2 patients toxoplasma chorioretinitis, 1 patient HIV retinopathy and pneumocystis carinii choroiretinopathy. Seven patients had non-infectious uveitis: 3 APMPPE, 2 serpiginous choroidopathy, 1 MEWDS and 1 birdshot chorioretinopathy. OCT demonstrated similar findings of the atrophic chorioretinal scars in toxoplasma chorioretinitis and serpiginous choroidopathy including inner retinal thinning, ELM and IS/OS photoreceptor junction disruption, thinning of RPE layer and secondary choroidal hyper-reflectivity. In addition, the posterior hyaloid was thickened and partially detached over the toxoplasma scar. In the HIV patient cotton wool spots demonstrated as hyper-reflective lesions in the NFL causing outer displacement of the GCL, IPL, INL and OPL. The pneumocystis carinii choroiretinopathy was seen as multifocal, round, creamy, deep lesions appearing on OCT as multiple small RPE elevations with thinning of the ONL. Acute APMPPE lesions appeared as irregular, thickened photoreceptor layer within hyper-reflective dots and the healed lesions appeared as disruption of the IS/OS and RPE thinning. MEWDS lesions showed thinning and hypo-reflectivity of the IS/OS. Cystoid macular edema and epiretinal membrane were shown in birdshot chorioretinopathy.
Conclusions: :
SD-OCT is a useful tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with posterior uveitic diseases and provides a better understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory eye diseases.
Keywords: imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound) • uveitis-clinical/animal model • imaging/image analysis: clinical