April 2010
Volume 51, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2010
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: The Singapore Malay Eye Study
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • J. J. Siak
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
  • L. Tong
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
  • W.-L. Wong
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
  • H. Cajucom-Uy
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
  • M. Rosman
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
  • S.-M. Saw
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,
    Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • T.-Y. Wong
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ophthalmology,
    Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  J.J. Siak, None; L. Tong, None; W.-L. Wong, None; H. Cajucom-Uy, None; M. Rosman, None; S.-M. Saw, None; T.-Y. Wong, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  NMRC Grants No 0796/2003, 0863/2004, 1206/2009, CSI/0002/2005, BMRC Grant No 501/1/25-5, Singapore Tissue Network, Ministry of Health, Singapore
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2010, Vol.51, 1307. doi:
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      J. J. Siak, L. Tong, W.-L. Wong, H. Cajucom-Uy, M. Rosman, S.-M. Saw, T.-Y. Wong; Prevalence and Risk Factors of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: The Singapore Malay Eye Study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2010;51(13):1307.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : To describe the prevalence and risk factors of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in an urban Malay population in Singapore.

Methods: : Population-based, cross-sectional study of 3,280 (78.7% response rate) Malay persons aged 40 and 80 years, living in Singapore. MGD was defined by a clinical examination at the slit lamp as either lid margin telangiectasia or meibomian gland orifice plugging in at least one eye. Participants had a standardized questionnaire, laboratory blood investigations, clinical measurements such as height, weight and blood pressure. Data were analyzed for 3271 persons.

Results: : The age standardized prevalence of MGD was 56.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 53.3-59.4), and that of MGD with dry eye symptoms was 39.3% (95% CI: 36.5-42.4). A higher proportion of men had MGD compared to women (Odds Ratio (OR):1.30, 95%CI: 1.35-1.79), across all age groups. MGD was associated with frequency of red eyes (OR:1.63, 95%CI: 1.02-2.62), presence of pinguecula (OR:2.43, 95%CI: 2.08-2.85), higher diastolic blood pressure (OR:1.32, 95%CI: 1.08-1.62) and use of angiotensin II receptor blockers (OR:4.02, 95%CI: 1.74-9.27). Menopause (OR:0.61, 95%CI: 0.43-0.84) and use of fibrates (OR:0.49, 95%CI: 0.25-0.97) were associated with lower prevalence of MGD.

Conclusions: : MGD is highly prevalent in this Asian population and associated with systemic and ocular conditions.

Keywords: cornea: tears/tear film/dry eye • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence • eyelid 
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