April 2010
Volume 51, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2010
Up to What Age is a Cyclopleged Refraction Required? Results From the Twins Eye Study Tasmania(TEST)
L. S. Kearns; A. W. Hewitt; J. B. Ruddle; O. Bigault; S. E. Staffieri; P. Sanfillipo; N. G. Martin; C. J. Hammond; T. L. Young; D. A. Mackey
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • L. S. Kearns
    University of Melbourne, Dept Ophthalmol, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
  • A. W. Hewitt
    University of Melbourne, Dept Ophthalmol, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
  • J. B. Ruddle
    University of Melbourne, Dept Ophthalmol, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
  • O. Bigault
    University of Melbourne, Dept Ophthalmol, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
  • S. E. Staffieri
    University of Melbourne, Dept Ophthalmol, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
  • P. Sanfillipo
    University of Melbourne, Dept Ophthalmol, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
  • N. G. Martin
    Genetics and Population Health, Queensland Institute for Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
  • C. J. Hammond
    Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
  • T. L. Young
    Duke Center for Human Genetics, Durham, North Carolina
  • D. A. Mackey
    University of Melbourne, Dept Ophthalmol, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
    Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Lion's Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  L.S. Kearns, None; A.W. Hewitt, None; J.B. Ruddle, None; O. Bigault, None; S.E. Staffieri, None; P. Sanfillipo, None; N.G. Martin, None; C.J. Hammond, None; T.L. Young, None; D.A. Mackey, Pfizer Australia Research Fellowship, F.
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH RO1EY018246-01, NHMRC (350415), American Health Assistance Foundation, Peggy and Leslie Cranbourne Foundation, Clifford Craig Medical Research Trust, Ophthalmic Research Institute of Australia,
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2010, Vol.51, 1716. doi:
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      L. S. Kearns, A. W. Hewitt, J. B. Ruddle, O. Bigault, S. E. Staffieri, P. Sanfillipo, N. G. Martin, C. J. Hammond, T. L. Young, D. A. Mackey; Up to What Age is a Cyclopleged Refraction Required? Results From the Twins Eye Study Tasmania(TEST). Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2010;51(13):1716.

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Abstract

Purpose: : As children have a large amplitude of accommodation, cycloplegic refraction is routinely used in pediatric ophthalmic practice. The aim of this study was to determine the age up to which cycloplegia is required for accurate refraction.

Methods: : Subjects were recruited from the Twin Eye Study in Tasmania and the Brisbane Adolescent Twin Study. In each participant, refractive error was measured using a Humphrey 598 Autorefractor, before and after cycloplegia. Subjects were excluded if they had undergone cataract surgery or had anterior segment disease. Analyses were restricted to people aged between 13 and 26 years. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to model each of the spherical equivalence difference against age. Each GEE was clustered by family relationship and zygosity. Data are presented as the mean±SD.

Results: : Data were available from 1297 people from 597 families. The mean difference between pre- and post cycloplegia spherical equivalent (SE) decreased from 0.36±0.41D in the 13 year olds to 0.06±0.50D in people aged 25 years. After adjusting for zygosity, the difference between pre- and post cycloplegia refraction was significant in all age groups up until the age of 20 years.

Conclusions: : Our data suggests that cycloplegic refraction should be performed up until the age of 20 years. This finding has direct implications for population-based studies of refraction.

Keywords: refraction • accommodation • visual development 
© 2010, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2024 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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