April 2010
Volume 51, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2010
Peripheral Refraction and Refractive Error in Singaporean Chinese Children
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • G. Gazzard
    Glaucoma Research, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
    Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
  • C. Sng
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
    Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore, National University Singapore, Singapore
  • X.-Y. Lin
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
    Department of Epidemiology, Public Health,,
    National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • B. C. Chang
    Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
  • M. Dirani
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
    Center for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia
  • I. Kit
    Essilor International SA, Toulouse, France
  • B. Drobe
    Essilor International SA, Toulouse, France
  • A. Chia
    Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
    Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  • T. Y. Wong
    Singapore Eye Research Institute,
    National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
    Department of Ophthalmology,, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
  • S.-M. Saw
    Epidemiology and Public Health, National Univ of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  G. Gazzard, None; C. Sng, None; X.-Y. Lin, None; B.C. Chang, None; M. Dirani, None; I. Kit, Essilor, E; B. Drobe, Essilor, E; A. Chia, None; T.Y. Wong, None; S.-M. Saw, Essilor, F.
  • Footnotes
    Support  Support from Essilor SA
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2010, Vol.51, 2970. doi:
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      G. Gazzard, C. Sng, X.-Y. Lin, B. C. Chang, M. Dirani, I. Kit, B. Drobe, A. Chia, T. Y. Wong, S.-M. Saw; Peripheral Refraction and Refractive Error in Singaporean Chinese Children. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2010;51(13):2970.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : This study aims to describe peripheral refraction measurements and their relationship to central refractive error in Singapore Chinese children.

Methods: : 250 children aged 40 months or older from the Strabismus, Amblyopia and Refractive error in Singapore Children (STARS) study were recruited. Peripheral refraction was measured after pupil dilation using an infrared autorefractor (Grand Seiko Autorefractor / Keratometer WAM-5500, Grand Seiko Co. Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan). A total of 5 measurements were captured: central visual axis, and 15 degrees eccentricities in the nasal and temporal visual fields.

Results: : The mean age of the participants recruited was 83.1 ± 36.2 months. There were 118 children with myopia (47.2%), 84 with emmetropia (33.6%) and 47 with hyperopia (18.8%). The mean SE was -0.87 D at the center, -0.88 D at temporal 30 degrees, -1.09D at temporal 15 degrees , -0.52 D at nasal 30 degrees and -1.11 D at nasal 15 degrees. Children with myopia had relative hyperopia at the temporal (mean = -2.22D) and nasal 30 degrees (mean = -1.71D) compared to the central meridian (mean = -2.66D) (p < 0.001), but not at the nasal and temporal 15 degrees. Children with emmetropia and hyperopia had peripheral relative myopia at all eccentricities (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: : Young myopic Singapore Chinese children with myopia tend towards relative hyperopia in the periphery. These data substantiate previous studies in older people, and provide insights into possible early changes in the eye in myopia development.

Keywords: myopia • refraction 
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