April 2010
Volume 51, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   April 2010
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Clinically Significant Macular Edema
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • C. A. Kiire
    Ophthalmology, Oxford Eye Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • R. Mason
    Respiratory Medicine, Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • J. R. Stradling
    Respiratory Medicine, Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • N. H. V. Chong
    Ophthalmology, Oxford Eye Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  C.A. Kiire, None; R. Mason, None; J.R. Stradling, None; N.H.V. Chong, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  None.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science April 2010, Vol.51, 4257. doi:
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      C. A. Kiire, R. Mason, J. R. Stradling, N. H. V. Chong; Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Clinically Significant Macular Edema. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2010;51(13):4257.

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Abstract

Purpose: : Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with hypoxia and blood pressure spikes and in theory it can cause endothelial cell damage. In this study, we assess the prevalence of OSA in patients with clinically significant diabetic macular edema (CSDME) and investigate whether OSA increases the rate of co-existing proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: : Patients with Type 2 diabetes treated with focal or grid laser for CSDME over 9 consecutive months were identified from laser treatment records and invited to take part in the study. Respiratory physicians screened patients for OSA and grouped them according to the presence or absence of OSA. The level of diabetic retinopathy for each patient in the study was determined by the grading of colour photographs by an ophthalmologist who was masked to the results of OSA screening. The worst eye was used as the study eye.

Results: : There were 58 patients enrolled in the study, with equal numbers of men and women. The mean age was 67.7 years (range 49-84 years). 37 patients were positive for OSA (63.8%) as compared to 4% of the general population. Ten out of 37 patients (27.0%) in the OSA group had PDR compared to 2 out of 21 (9.5%) in the non-OSA group.

Conclusions: : OSA is 16 times more common in Type 2 diabetic patients with CSDME as compared to the general population. Furthermore, OSA appears to be associated with a higher incidence of PDR in this group of patients. We can postulate that identifying and treating OSA might be beneficial in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: diabetic retinopathy • hypoxia • retinal neovascularization 
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