Abstract
Purpose: :
To compare the prophylactic effect of the intravenous moxifloxacin and intravenous vancomycin for S. epidermidis endophthalmitis in a rabbit model.
Methods: :
Sixty albino rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups by same size. An intravenous injection was performed two hours prior to the induction of S. epidermidis endophthalmitis, moxifloxacin (20mg/Kg) in the Group 1, vancomycin (50mg/Kg) in the Group 2, and 0.9% normal saline in the Group 3 respectively. After the prophylactic intravenous injection, right eyes of 60 animals were injected with 105 colony-forming units/0.1ml of S. epidermidis intravitrealy. Intravenous antibiotics or normal saline injection was repeated on days 1, 2 and 3 after the experimental infection. Clinical feature was evaluated on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after the experimental infection with 10 eyes which was randomly selected from each group, thereafter the eyes were enucleated for histopathologic examination. Ocular findings were scored using a numeric scale based on criteria proposed by Peyman et al. From other 10 eyes per group, the vitreous aspirates were obtained for bacterial culture on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after infection. According to the number of the cultured bacteria accounted, the bacteriological results were scored on a scale of 1 (1,000~10,000 colonies), 2 (1,000~50,000 colonies), 3 (10,000~100,000 colonies), and 4 (>100000 colonies).
Results: :
Moxifloxacin group showed significant effect with low score in the clinical results on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 (p=0.019, < 0.001, < 0.001 and < 0.001) and in the bacteriological results on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 (p< 0.001, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.002). Also, moxifloxacin group showed less severe inflammation and relatively well preserved retinal architecture on the histopathological examination. Whereas, there was no difference between the vancomycin group and the control group in any aspects of the result.
Conclusions: :
Intravenously administered moxifloxacin showed a significant prophylactic effect for the S. epidermidis endophthalmitis. Therefore intravenous moxifloxacin could be considered as an effective prophylactic medication against postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis.
Keywords: endophthalmitis • Staphylococcus • antibiotics/antifungals/antiparasitics