Abstract
Purpose: :
to evaluate the epidemiology, risk factors and clinical-morphological characteristics of primary RRD.
Methods: :
Prospective observational case series study, patients with primary RRD were evaluated in the Retina and Vitreous Department of Conde de Valenciana Ophthalmology Institute from May to November 2009. Age, gender, axial length, RD extension, causative lesion type and localization, secondary lesions, macular involvement, lens refractive status (phakic, aphakic, pseudophakic) symptoms, grade of PVR and surgical plan were recorded.
Results: :
A total of 118 eyes of 110 consecutive patients were included in the study. A 62% female predisposition, mean age 43.5 (9-79 range), AL 25.5mm (bimodal distribution, 22.11-31.85 range), 232° extension (90-360 range), 72% superotemporal quadrant localization of the causative lesion, 67% horse shoe tear, 80% complete macular involvement, 92% phakic status, 87% diminished VA, 83% PVR A and 82% cryoretinopexy plus sclera buckle as surgical treatment were found.
Conclusions: :
Several correlations can be drawn from this study. The chief complaint was diminished visual acuity up to a 87%, demonstrating the patients do not give importance to prodromic symptoms such as photopsias and myodesopsias and floaters. This can be correlated with the 80% of complete macular involvement, the superotemporal location of the causative lesion and the great extension of the RD. An increased axial length was the most important risk factor found, and this correlated to the high incidence of vitreogenic lesions (horse shoe tear). Trauma was found also as an important risk factor. Pseudophakia and aphakia were not found as risk factors, differing form previous studies; this may be due to the low rate of cataract surgery in the general population.This is the first complete clinico-morphological and epidemiologic retinal detachment study in a Mexican mestizo population.
Keywords: retinal detachment