May 2008
Volume 49, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2008
Retinopathy of Prematurity in Costa Rica: 2001-2005
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • G. Tapia Herrera
    Ophthalmology, Hospital Mexico, San Jose, Costa Rica
  • T. Evans
    Retina, Instituto de Cirugia Ocular, San Jose, Costa Rica
  • M. Arana
    Ophthalmology, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San Jose, Costa Rica
  • C. Tabarez
    Ophthalmology, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San Jose, Costa Rica
  • M. Vargas
    Ophthalmology, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San Jose, Costa Rica
  • J. Martinez
    Ophthalmology, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San Jose, Costa Rica
  • L. Wu
    Retina, Instituto de Cirugia Ocular, San Jose, Costa Rica
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  G. Tapia Herrera, None; T. Evans, None; M. Arana, None; C. Tabarez, None; M. Vargas, None; J. Martinez, None; L. Wu, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  None.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2008, Vol.49, 1404. doi:
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      G. Tapia Herrera, T. Evans, M. Arana, C. Tabarez, M. Vargas, J. Martinez, L. Wu; Retinopathy of Prematurity in Costa Rica: 2001-2005. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2008;49(13):1404.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : To report the incidence, grade, localization, clinical characteristics and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Costa Rica during 2001-2005.

Methods: : Retrospective chart review of all premature newborns with a birth weight of < 1500 g or birth weight between 1500 g to 2000 g with risk factors for ROP that were screened for ROP during 2001-2005 at the ophthalmology service of the Hospital Nacional de Niños.

Results: : A total of 1981 premature newborns were screened. Of these, 48.5% were females and the mean gestational age was 30.8 weeks. Of the total, 68.6% (1359/1981) were normal, 15.1% (299/1981) had grade I, 8.3% (165/1981) had grade II, 6.6% (130/1981) had grade III, 0.2% (4/1981) had grade IV, and 0.2% (4/1981) had grade V. In addition, 1.0% (20/1981) presented aggressive posterior ROP. The ROP patients had a mean of 29.3 weeks of gestational age and 1126 g of birth weight.Of the ROP patients, 28.5% (177/622) were treated. Of the treated group, 8.3%, 12.4% and 1.7% were grade 2 in zones I, zone II and zone III respectively and 1.7%, 54.2% and 6.8% were grade 3 in zones I, II and III. Before 2003 these patients were treated with cryotherapy and later with diode laser. Four patients (2.3%) were grade 4 and four patients were grade 5, all of these patients underwent a surgical treatment. The treated patients had a mean gestational age of 28.8 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1059 g. Neonatal sepsis and history of transfusions were significantly associated with threshold ROP.

Conclusions: : During a five-year national screening of ROP in Costa Rica 31.4% of the screened premature newborns presented some degree of ROP and 8.93% required treatment. Patients with threshold ROP or worse presented a higher birth weight and gestational age than those from developed countries.

Keywords: retinopathy of prematurity • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence 
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