Purpose:
Retinal vascular occlusions are related to some pathologic entities as are diabetes mellitus and systemic arterial hypertension. In this study we analyze the relationship between these systemic pathologies and retinal vascular occlusions, as well as the relation with our patient’s sex and age.
Methods:
Retrospective, observational, transversal study.We studied 179 patients valuated in the "Instituto de Oftalmología Conde de Valenciana", in Mexico City, between November fist of 2006 until November 30th 2007, with the diagnosis of any retinal vascular occlusion. All the patients were studied with: visual acuity, intraocular pressure, biomichroscopy and fundoscopy previous pharmacologic midriasis. The variables of our study were: sex, age, pathologic personal antecedents, diagnosis and eye involved.
Results:
179 patients diagnosed with retinal vascular occlusion, 88 male and 91 female (no statistical difference), the average age of retinal vascular occlusion presentation was 67 years. 16 (9)% of our patients had an arterial occlusion (RAO) and 163 (91%) a venous occlusion (RVO). 7 patients (43%) with the diagnosis of RAO didn’t have any pathologic antecedent, 3 (18%) were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), 6 (37%) had SAH and none of them were diagnosed only with DM. 56 patients (34%) with a RVO had SAH, 40 (25%) diabetes DM, 26 (16%) DM and SAH, and none of these diagnosis in 41 patients (24%).
Conclusions:
In our study there was no statistical difference related with our patient’s sex, however as it has been demonstrated, retinal vascular occlusions are strongly related to diabetes mellitus and systemic arterial hypertension. Arterial occlusions didn’t show this pattern, since 43% of these patients didn’t have any pathologic personal antecedent. Instead 34% of the patients with venous occlusions had systemic arterial hypertension.
Keywords: vascular occlusion/vascular occlusive disease • retina