Abstract
Purpose::
To evaluate the reliability and validity of Turkish translation of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) in Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) and its correlation with Schirmer test results.
Methods::
The study was conducted by 10 eye clinics on 3 groups of subjects with ages ranging between 18-75 years of age; DES, pterygium and healthy control groups, each consisting of 30 subjects. Reliability of the Turkish OSDI version was determined by comparing the results of the two consecutive tests applied in a short period of time (3-7 days) to the same subject and evaluating the consistence between the answers given to these tests. OSDI scores were compared among the 3 groups and the correlation between OSDI scores and Schirmer 1 test results recorded at both visits was evaluated and a p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Validity was evaluated by determining the sensitivity and specificity of Turkish OSDI version by comparing the results of DES group with the healthy subjects.
Results::
Out of 90 patients enrolled in the study, 54.5% was women. The mean age of the participants was 43.1±12.1 years. When the answers given to questions in OSDI were analyzed separately, no statistically significant difference was found between two consecutive evaluations in all of the groups (p>0.05). The mean of total OSDI score was determined in the 1st evaluation (p<0.001) as 46.9 ± 19.7, 30.9 ±19.0, and 20.9 ±19.9 in the DES, pterygium and control groups, respectively; and in the 2nd evaluation (p<0.001) as 46.6 ± 20.6, 31.4 ± 19.9, and 20.3 ± 21.6, respectively. The total OSDI score of the DES group was significantly different than that of pterygium group and control group in both 1st (p=0.004 and p<0.001, respectively) and 2nd (p=0.017 and p<0.001, respectively) evaluations. There was no statistically significant difference between the total OSDI scores obtained from two consecutive evaluations (p=0.383). OSDI scores were low to moderately correlated with Schirmer 1 test results recorded at 1st (r=-0.345, p=0.001 and r=-0.214, p=0.047, right and left eye, respectively) and 2nd evaluations (r=-0.356, p=0.001 and r=-0.243, p=0.027, right and left eye, respectively). Being the cut-off value as 20, sensitivity and specificity of the Turkish OSDI test were 100% and 67%, respectively.
Conclusions::
The Turkish version of OSDI is a valid and reliable questionnaire for determination of ocular discomfort, vision-related dysfunction and environmental triggers in DES. Turkish OSDI version can be used easily for the diagnosis of DES in Turkey in daily clinical practice and also in future clinical studies.
Keywords: cornea: tears/tear film/dry eye