Abstract
Purpose::
To compare the in vitro susceptibility of cefuroxime, a cephalosporin antibiotic used intracamerally in Europe as a prophylaxis agent for endophthalmitis, as compared to moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and vancomycin.
Methods::
The MICs were determined for 97 bacterial isolates; S. aureus, 51; S. epidermiis, 35; P. aeruginosa, 6; S. marcesans, 5, from actual cases of endophthalmitis archived at the NYEEI. Etest® strips were used for the quantitative determination of susceptibility and all data was categorized into susceptible, intermediate, and resistant groups according to CLSI criteria based on serum concentrations.
Results::
Of the 51 S. aureus tested; 13/51 were resistant to gatifloxacin, 12/51 were resistant to moxifloxacin, 9/51 were resistant to cefuroxime, and 0/51 were resistant to vancomycin. All the 35 S. epidermidis isolates were sensitive to the gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, cefuroxime, and vancomycin. All gram negatives (P. aeruginosa, 6 and S. marcesans,5) were sensitive to gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin and resistant to cefuroxime and vancomycin
Conclusions::
This in vitro susceptibility study suggests that moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin would provide broader antibacterial coverage against endophthalmitis isolates than either cefuroxime or vancomycin. The role of these antibiotics in intracameral prophylaxis for endophthalmitis warrants further study.
Keywords: endophthalmitis • antibiotics/antifungals/antiparasitics • clinical laboratory testing