Abstract
Purpose::
Uveal melanomas have associated abnormalities of chromosome 3 and 8. Several studies with short follow up have shown that Monosomy 3 and 8q amplification are significant indicators of poor prognosis in uveal melanoma. In this study Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) for markers of chromosomes 3 and 8 was performed on a series of over 200 primary uveal melanoma patients, for which long term survival data was available. The results were correlated with survival.
Methods::
The study has long term survival data on patients who were followed for an interval of up to 20 years. FISH analysis of chromosomes 3 and 8 alpha satellite probes on frozen tumour preparations (Chromosomes and tissue) was performed. For each case 300 cells were scored, and less signals for chromosome 3 in relation to chromosome 8 were considered to be a genetic imbalance (GI). Kaplan Meier survival analysis was performed relating GI to overall survival and death from metastatic disease.
Results::
Results for FISH were obtained from all patients analysed. The test is a rapid sensitive technique, suitable to archival and fresh material. Patients with GI had a significantly worse prognosis than those with normal scores for chromosomes 3 and 8 (p>0.00001).
Conclusions::
This is the first large study with extended follow up, to examine the use of genetic markers for determining the long term survival of patients with primary uveal melanoma. Patients with GI for chromosome 3 and 8 have a significantly worse prognosis. The test is a simple rapid cost effective technique suitable to all uveal melanomas, which can be used to accurately reflect disease outcome 92% at 10 years.
Keywords: melanoma • oncology • genetics