Abstract
Purpose::
To determine the incidence of and risk factors for developing cystoid macular edema (CME) following cataract surgery in patients with glaucoma.
Methods::
Patients who underwent cataract surgery between 1997 and 2005 were reviewed. 862 patients (eyes) with glaucoma and 391 patients (eyes) without glaucoma or with suspicion of glaucoma were included. Patients with uveitis or retinal abnormalities were excluded. CME was diagnosed clinically by fundus examination with decrease of visual acuity at the 4-8 week postoperative visit. Incidence of CME and visual outcomes were compared between patients with and without glaucoma. Risk factors for CME were determined with logistic regression model comparing patients who did and did not develop CME after cataract surgery.
Results::
The incidence of CME in glaucoma and non-glaucoma patients was 5.34% and 5.63%, respectively (p=0.76). Patients who developed CME (68 patients) had statistically higher rates of anterior vitrectomy and/or anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation due to rupture of posterior capsule during surgery (8.8% vs. 2.9%, p=0.010), using topical bimatoprost before the surgery (10.3% vs. 4.1%, p=0.019) and using topical betaxolol after the surgery (2.9% vs. 0.5%, p=0.031), compared to patients who did not develop CME (1185 patients).
Conclusions::
There is no statistically significant difference in the incidence of CME following cataract surgery between glaucoma and non-glaucoma patients. The use of certain topical anti-glaucoma drops before or after cataract surgery and anterior vitrectomy required during cataract surgery are potential risk factors for developing CME after cataract surgery.
Keywords: edema • macula/fovea • cataract