May 2006
Volume 47, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2006
Prevalence Of Hypermetropia In Myotonic Dystrophy
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • K.E. Bollinger
    Ophthalmology–Cole, Cleveland, Cleveland, OH
  • M.A. Kipp
    Ophthalmology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
  • V. Kattouf
    Optometry, Illinois Eye Institute, Illinois College of Optometry, Chicago, IL
  • J. Kivlin
    Ophthalmology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
  • N. Kerr
    Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN
  • B.W. Arthur
    Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON
  • E. Traboulsi
    Ophthalmology–Cole, Cleveland, Cleveland, OH
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  K.E. Bollinger, None; M.A. Kipp, None; V. Kattouf, None; J. Kivlin, None; N. Kerr, None; B.W. Arthur, None; E. Traboulsi, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2006, Vol.47, 718. doi:
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      K.E. Bollinger, M.A. Kipp, V. Kattouf, J. Kivlin, N. Kerr, B.W. Arthur, E. Traboulsi; Prevalence Of Hypermetropia In Myotonic Dystrophy . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2006;47(13):718.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : To determine the prevalence of hypermetropia and propose a theory for its predominance in children with myotonic dystrophy (MD).

Methods: : Six boys and six girls were included in the case series. Age range was 4 months to 7 years. Cycloplegic refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and ocular motility evaluation were performed on all subjects. Some patients had molecular confirmation of the clinical diagnosis and the number of trinucleotide repeats in the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase gene was available for review. A literature search was conducted to compare results with previously published reports.

Results: : All subjects except one were hypermetropic. Spherical equivalent refractive error ranged from –1.50 to +12.50D with a mean of +6.60 OU. Six patients had esotropia, 4 had ptosis, 4 had amblyopia, and 2 had the characteristic Christmas tree cataracts. Two patients underwent strabismus surgery and one had ptosis repair. We could not correlate the degree of hypermetropia to the number of trinucleotide repeats in those patients in whom this information was available.

Conclusions: : Hypermetropia is present in more than 90% of children with MD. In many cases, hyperopic refractive error is accompanied by esotropia. Patients also have a significant risk of amblyopia. The tendency toward high hyperopic refractive error may result from the low intraocular pressure which is prevalent in MD patients.

Keywords: hyperopia • refractive error development • strabismus 
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