May 2006
Volume 47, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2006
Correlates of Macular Pigment Optical Density in the Elderly
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • A. Iannaccone
    UTHSC, Memphis, TN
    Ophthalmology/Hamilton Eye Institute,
  • E.J. Johnson
    J. Mayer USDA Human Nutr. Rsrch. Ctr. on Aging, Tufts Univ., Boston, MA
  • S.E. Perry
    UTHSC, Memphis, TN
    Preventive Medicine,
  • K. Gallaher
    UTHSC, Memphis, TN
    Ophthalmology/Hamilton Eye Institute,
  • E. Kenyon
    Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA
  • T. Harris
    NIA, NIH, Bethesda, MD
  • S. Satterfield
    UTHSC, Memphis, TN
    Preventive Medicine,
  • K.–J. Yeum
    J. Mayer USDA Human Nutr. Rsrch. Ctr. on Aging, Tufts Univ., Boston, MA
  • K.C. Johnson
    UTHSC, Memphis, TN
    Preventive Medicine,
  • S.B. Kritchevsky
    UTHSC, Memphis, TN
    Preventive Medicine,
    J.P. Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest Univ., Winston–Salem, NC
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  A. Iannaccone, Bausch & Lomb; Kemin Foods, F; E.J. Johnson, None; S.E. Perry, None; K. Gallaher, None; E. Kenyon, None; T. Harris, None; S. Satterfield, None; K. Yeum, None; K.C. Johnson, None; S.B. Kritchevsky, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH K23 EY000409 HIGHWIRE EXLINK_ID="47:5:3800:1" VALUE="EY000409" TYPEGUESS="GEN" /HIGHWIRE , N01 AG62101, N01 AG62103, N01 AG62106, T35 DK07405; IRRF; RPB; AHAF; Bausch & Lomb; Kemin Foods
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2006, Vol.47, 3800. doi:
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    • Get Citation

      A. Iannaccone, E.J. Johnson, S.E. Perry, K. Gallaher, E. Kenyon, T. Harris, S. Satterfield, K.–J. Yeum, K.C. Johnson, S.B. Kritchevsky; Correlates of Macular Pigment Optical Density in the Elderly . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2006;47(13):3800.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : To identify the correlates of macular pigment optical density (MPOD) in Mid–South elderly subjects participating in ARMA, an investigation ancillary to the Health ABC Study.

Methods: : MPOD could be estimated foveally with a heterochromatic flicker photometry–based method (0.5–deg eccentricity) in 183 (19% Black), 78.9 ± 3.2 yo healthy subjects (M=83; F=94), for a total of 341 estimates. Ocular and systemic variables were evaluated as possible correlates in univariate and multivariate analyses (α=0.01). Positive or negative correlations are identified as (+) or (–), respectively.

Results: : MPOD was significantly correlated with: (–) Black race, percent of anterior cortical cataract, grade of nuclear opacity, ever–smoking, vasodilator use (VDU, a proxy for cardiovascular disease), retinol (ROH, borderline significant), and γ–tocopherol (TOC); (+) contrast sensitivity (CS), lutein supplement use (LSU), serum lutein and zeaxanthin (L&Z), α–carotene, lycopene, and α–TOC. In a multivariate analysis, race, LSU, serum L&Z, lycopene, ROH, γ–TOC remained significant independent correlates and explained 18.7% of MPOD variability (p <0.0001; n=335). In analyses stratified by gender, serum L&Z was a significant (+) MPOD correlate in females but not in males (both in uni– and multivariate analyses). Stratifying by race, in Blacks neither LSU nor any ocular variable correlated with MPOD, and a (+) correlation was seen with BMI and other body fat measures; in multivariate analyses, only gender, serum L&Z, vit. C use, BMI and abdominal circumference were correlated with MPOD and explained 47.3% of its variability (p <0.0001; n=58). Unlike Blacks, Whites showed a non–significant (–) correlation with BMI and body fat. At the multivariate level, a model inclusive of CS, LSU, serum L&Z, ROH and γ–TOC explained 20% of MPOD variability in Whites (p <0.0001; n=268), and one inclusive also of vit. C use, VDU and, for phakic eyes, of nuclear and cortical lens opacities explained 35.2% of it (p <0.0001; n=161).

Conclusions: : Several biologically plausible systemic and ocular variables correlated significantly with MPOD in healthy elderly subjects, explaining a substantial proportion of MPOD variability. Race and gender affected profoundly these relationships.

Keywords: macular pigment • aging • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: biostatistics/epidemiology methodology 
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