May 2006
Volume 47, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2006
Non–Invasive in vivo Measurement of Retinal Physiology Using High–Speed, Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography
V.J. Srinivasan; M.D. Wojtkowski; J.J. Liu; J.S. Duker; A. Clermont; S.E. Bursell; J.G. Fujimoto
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • V.J. Srinivasan
    Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science and the Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
  • M.D. Wojtkowski
    Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science and the Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
    Tufts–New England Medical Center, New England Eye Center, Boston, MA
  • J.J. Liu
    Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science and the Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
  • J.S. Duker
    Tufts–New England Medical Center, New England Eye Center, Boston, MA
  • A. Clermont
    Research Division and Beetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
  • S.E. Bursell
    Research Division and Beetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
  • J.G. Fujimoto
    Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science and the Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  V.J. Srinivasan, None; M.D. Wojtkowski, None; J.J. Liu, None; J.S. Duker, None; A. Clermont, None; S.E. Bursell, None; J.G. Fujimoto, Carl Zeiss Meditec, P.
  • Footnotes
    Support  Supported in part by NIH RO1–EY11289–20, NSF ECS–0119452, AFOSR FA9550–040–1–0046
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2006, Vol.47, 4758. doi:
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      V.J. Srinivasan, M.D. Wojtkowski, J.J. Liu, J.S. Duker, A. Clermont, S.E. Bursell, J.G. Fujimoto; Non–Invasive in vivo Measurement of Retinal Physiology Using High–Speed, Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2006;47(13):4758.

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Abstract

Purpose: : Previous studies demonstrated the feasibility of using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for optophysiology, the measurement of functional changes, in excised rabbit and frog retinas. Using the signal averaging capabilities of high–speed OCT with "spectral/Fourier domain" detection, we investigate in vivo imaging of functional changes in the intact rat retina.

Methods: : Measurements were performed using a high–speed, ultrahigh resolution OCT system. A transient white light stimulus is delivered to the retinas of healthy, anesthetized rats and the OCT reflectance is recorded as a function of time. Rats are immobilized in a stereotaxic mount to minimize motion during the recordings. The baseline recording is performed identically to the functional recording, with the exception that the stimulus remains off. The spectrum of wavelengths used in the OCT measurements was from ∼820 to 960 nm, well outside the sensitivity range of the rat retina. While scattering changes due to neural activation have been observed in this wavelength range in functional experiments in brain and retina, changes in oxygenation may also play a small role in observed scattering or absorption changes.

Results: : A baseline recording established the noise level at ∼2%. The functional recording showed that a white light stimulus induced a 10–15% increase in the average amplitude reflectance from the photoreceptor outer segments. The spatial distribution of the reflectance change showed a clear maximum in the photoreceptor outer segments, and was localized to the region between the photoreceptor inner and outer segment junction and the retinal pigment epithelium. The response was significantly reduced by photobleaching prior to the measurement, and was restored after photopigment regeneration. Spectroscopic analysis of the response showed that the reflectance change showed little or no wavelength dependence within the OCT measurement bandwidth.

Conclusions: : Optophysiology is demonstrated using OCT in the intact rat retina in vivo. A repeatable backscattering change in the photoreceptor outer segments is observed in response to a white light stimulus. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of in vivo optophysiology using OCT in the intact retina, and may be an important step toward developing optophysiology for human studies.

Keywords: imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound) • imaging/image analysis: non-clinical • retina: distal (photoreceptors, horizontal cells, bipolar cells) 
© 2006, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2024 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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