Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Associated with Chorioretinal Folds

Abstract

Purpose: : To report an association between central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and chorioretinal folds

Methods: : A retrospective chart review from two retina sub–specialty practices was performed on all patients with the diagnosis of CSCR. Three patients were identified as having concomitant chorioretinal folds at the initial diagnostic visit. A Medline literature search was performed using the terms "Central Serous Chorioretinopathy" and "Chorioretinal folds", revealing no previous reported association.

Results: : All patients underwent a dilated fundus exam, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICG). Fundus exam revealed areas of macular subretinal fluid and cystic macular edema confirmed by OCT. FA showed diffuse RPE decompensation and leakage. ICG revealed areas of choroidal hyperflourescence. Chorioretinal folds were noted both on exam and FA and remained constant throughout the duration of patient follow up.

Conclusions: : Three patients with the diagnosis of CSCR were observed to have chorioretinal folds, an association which has not been previously reported in the ophthalmic literature, confirmed by Medline search. Focal choroidal vascular abnormalies such as venule tortuousity and engorgement have been described in association with subretinal fluid leakage in patients with CSCR. Choroidal folds in chronic CSCR cases with disseminated macular disease may represent more diffuse choroidal vasculature pathology.

Keywords: macula/fovea • choroid • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: outcomes/complications