May 2006
Volume 47, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2006
Involvement of the Forkhead Transcription Factor FoxN4 in Xenopus Retinal Progenitor Cell Development
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • H.M. El–Hodiri
    Molecular & Human Genetics, Childrens Research Institute, Columbus, OH
    Department of Pediatrics,
    The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
  • L.E. Kelly
    Molecular & Human Genetics, Childrens Research Institute, Columbus, OH
  • S. Nekkalapudi
    Molecular & Human Genetics, Childrens Research Institute, Columbus, OH
  • R.I. Martinez–De Luna
    Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental biology,
    The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  H.M. El–Hodiri, None; L.E. Kelly, None; S. Nekkalapudi, None; R.I. Martinez–De Luna, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH Grant EY015480
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2006, Vol.47, 5757. doi:
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      H.M. El–Hodiri, L.E. Kelly, S. Nekkalapudi, R.I. Martinez–De Luna; Involvement of the Forkhead Transcription Factor FoxN4 in Xenopus Retinal Progenitor Cell Development . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2006;47(13):5757.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose: : The forkhead transcription factor FoxN4 is primarily expressed in the developing retinal progenitor cells of Xenous laevis embryos, from specification until maturation. The purpose of our studies is to investigate the role of FoxN4 in Xenopus retinal development.

Methods: : Morpholino oligonucleotides and synthetic RNAs were injected into 4–celled embryos. Embryos were cultured to desired stages, fixed in paraformaldehyde, and analyzed. Gene expression was visualized by in situ hybridization using antisense riboprobes and whole fixed embryos or sections of paraffin–embedded embryos. Immunocytochemistry was performed using sections of paraffin–embedded embryos and visualized by immunoperoxidase reactions. Histology was visualized by hemotoxylin & eosin staining of sections of paraffin–embedded embryos.

Results: : Embryos injected with FoxN4 antisense morpholino oligonucleotide exhibited a reduction in eye size and loss of marginal zone progenitor cells. Embryos overexpressing FoxN4 exhibited a variety of phenotypes including reduction in eye size and/or extra or ectopic retinal tissue and neural tubes. Smaller eyes were primarily observed in embryos injected with higher doses of FoxN4 RNA at early stages. Extra retinal tissue was observed within the optic nerve, optic cup and neural tube. In some cases, FoxN4–injected embryos developed whole ectopic eyes. Extra neural tubes were accompanied by ectopic neural progenitor cells.

Conclusions: : This data suggests that FoxN4 plays a role in the development of neural and retinal progenitor cells in Xenopus.

Keywords: transcription factors • retinal development 
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