Abstract
Abstract: :
Purpose: Macular edema resulting from diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of visual impairment in diabetes mellitus. The recent use of optical coherence tomography(OCT) enabled us to understand more about diabetic macular edema. The influence of epidemiological risk factors for the different types of diffuse macular edema classified by optical coherence tomography(OCT) were evaluated. Methods: We reviewed 93 non–insulin dependent diabetic patients. 13 cases had no macular edema and 79 cases were diagnosed as diffuse diabetic macular edema through slit lamp fundus examination and fluorescein angiography. Optical coherence tomography(OCT) was performed to classify diffuse macular edema. We studied the following risk factors : insulin treatment, diastolic hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, microalbuminuria, serum HbA 1c and cholesterol level and their distribution in each groups. Results: The diffuse macular edema was clssified into 4 groups by optical coherence tomography(OCT): serous macular detachment (groue A), cystoid edema (group B), spongy–like edema(group C), pesterior hyaloid traction (group D).When compared with control group, the epidemiological risk factor for group A was insulin treatment, for group B was HbA 1c, for group C was diabetic nephropathy, for group D was diastolic hypertension. Conclusions: This study suggests the different epidemiological risk factors related with different types of diffuse macula edema. Moreover the difference of risk factors would help in understanding of the pathogenesis of diffuse macular edema
Keywords: diabetic retinopathy • clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: risk factor assessment • imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound)