May 2004
Volume 45, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2004
Acute Aminoglycoside Retinal Toxicity in vivo and in vitro
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • E.L. Ready
    Ophthalmology,
    UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
  • H.A. Hancock
    Physiology & Biophysics,
    UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
  • C. Guidry
    Ophthalmology,
    UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
  • R. Read
    Ophthalmology,
    UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
  • T.W. Kraft
    Physiological Optics & Neurobiology, UAB School of Optometry, Birmingham, AL
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  E.L. Ready, None; H.A. Hancock, None; C. Guidry, None; R. Read, None; T.W. Kraft, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH EY10573 (TK), EY013258 (CG), International Retinal Research Foundation (CG), R.P.B.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2004, Vol.45, 721. doi:
  • Views
  • Share
  • Tools
    • Alerts
      ×
      This feature is available to authenticated users only.
      Sign In or Create an Account ×
    • Get Citation

      E.L. Ready, H.A. Hancock, C. Guidry, R. Read, T.W. Kraft; Acute Aminoglycoside Retinal Toxicity in vivo and in vitro . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2004;45(13):721.

      Download citation file:


      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

      ×
  • Supplements
Abstract

Abstract: : Purpose:Intentional as well as inadvertent intraocular administration of aminoglycosides is known to result in retinal toxicity. Clinical findings acutely resemble vaso–occlusive events, with non–perfusion demonstrated by fluorescein angiography and flattening of the ERG. Previous studies have also demonstrated dose–dependent toxicity, as well as inner and outer retinal dysfunction reflecting the vascular perfusion patterns of the study model used. This study evaluated the effects of aminoglycosides on the inner retina of a merangiotic animal model to study this dysfunction in a way that eliminates the confounding variable of an inner and an outer retinal circulation. In vitro experiments were also performed with fresh retina preparations in order to better characterize the nature of aminoglycoside retinal toxicity. Methods: Two Dutch rabbits underwent clinical examination and dark adaptation followed by collection of baseline ERG data over a wide range of light intensities. Following intravitreal injection of 0.1ml of 100mg/ml Gentamycin into the test eye, buffered saline to the control eye and a brief post–injection clinical examination, ERG data were collected. Animals were euthanized 90 minutes post injection and the eyes processed for histopathological evaluation. Fresh rabbit and rat retina preparations were also used to study the dose dependence and reversibility of the toxicity on the ERG. The effects of direct retinal exposure to varying concentrations of Gentamycin were evaluated followed acquisition of baseline ERG data. Results: Animal studies: AC and DC ERG recordings revealed Gentamycin–induced loss of the b–wave, decreased c–wave amplitude and a prolonged c–wave recovery. Histopathological evaluation demonstrated diffuse disruption of the nerve fiber layer and the inner and outer plexiform layers. Tissue studies: Low aminoglycoside doses reduced the b–wave by 33% in a stable and fully reversible manner. Exposure to high doses of aminoglycoside resulted in a rapid and complete loss of b–wave without marked changes in the c–wave. Recovery after washout was significant but not complete. Conclusions:Use of a merangiotic model enabled demonstration of inner retinal damage in the absence of outer retinal circulation and indicates rapid disruption of Müller or Bipolar cell functions. Studies with isolated tissue preparations revealed adverse effects within minutes, most likely caused by interruption of bipolar cell function.

Keywords: retina • electroretinography: non–clinical • pathology: experimental 
×
×

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

Sign in or purchase a subscription to access this content. ×

You must be signed into an individual account to use this feature.

×