May 2004
Volume 45, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2004
Wave aberrations in rhesus monkeys with vision–induced ametropias
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • R. Ramamirtham
    Optometry, Univ of Houston Coll of Optometry, Houston, TX
    Vision CRC, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • C.–S. Kee
    Optometry, Univ of Houston Coll of Optometry, Houston, TX
    Vision CRC, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • Y. Qiao–Grider
    Optometry, Univ of Houston Coll of Optometry, Houston, TX
    Vision CRC, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • L.–F. Hung
    Optometry, Univ of Houston Coll of Optometry, Houston, TX
    Vision CRC, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • A. Roorda
    Optometry, Univ of Houston Coll of Optometry, Houston, TX
    Vision CRC, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • E.L. Smith III
    Optometry, Univ of Houston Coll of Optometry, Houston, TX
    Vision CRC, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  R. Ramamirtham, None; C. Kee, None; Y. Qiao–Grider, None; L. Hung, None; A. Roorda, None; E.L. Smith III, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  EY03611, EY07146
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2004, Vol.45, 4297. doi:
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      R. Ramamirtham, C.–S. Kee, Y. Qiao–Grider, L.–F. Hung, A. Roorda, E.L. Smith III; Wave aberrations in rhesus monkeys with vision–induced ametropias . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2004;45(13):4297.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Abstract: : Purpose: Abnormal visual experience imposed by spectacle lenses or optical diffusers is known to alter the refractive status of infant rhesus monkeys. However, it is unknown whether this abnormal visual experience causes changes in the pattern of the eye’s wave aberrations. The purpose of our study was to compare the pattern of wave aberrations between normally reared monkeys and monkeys that were reared with abnormal visual experience. Methods: Our subjects were 5 normal infant monkeys (control group) and 21 monkeys that experienced altered visual experience early in life (treated group). For the treated group, visual experience was manipulated by fitting the animals with helmets that held either diffuser lenses or spherical spectacle lenses in front of both eyes. Beginning at 3 – 4 weeks of age, the eye’s aberrations were measured for the central 5 mm of the pupil using a custom designed Shack Hartmann wavefront analyzer. Measurements, which were made along the presumed line of sight, were obtained every 2 weeks until the animals were 16 – 20 weeks of age. To make these measurements, the animals were anesthetized and cyclopleged. Results: Before the start of the treatment period, there no significant differences in the pattern or magnitude of higher order aberrations (p=0.26) between the control and treated groups. However, by the end of the treatment period, the average RMS error for the monkeys that experienced abnormal visual experience (0.32µm +/– 0.11) was significantly greater (p=0.02) than that found in the normal monkeys (0.23 µm +/– 0.10). These differences in average RMS error were due primarily to inter–group differences in coma (p=0.003). Specifically, the magnitudes of coma (RMS of Z31 and Z3–1 terms) for the treated and control groups were 0.16µm +/– 0.08 and 0.08µm +/– 0.06, respectively. Conclusions: Abnormal visual experience during the early ocular development results in greater amounts of wave aberrations in rhesus monkeys which suggests that eye’s pattern of wave aberrations is affected by vision–dependant changes in the eye’s refractive status.

Keywords: refractive error development • emmetropization • myopia 
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