May 2004
Volume 45, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2004
Maximizing Refractive Error Detection in Preschool Vision Screening
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • A.M. Hickson
    Pediatric Optometry, The Ohio State College of Optometry, Eagan, MN
  • P.P. Schmidt
    The Ohio State College of Optometry, Columbus, OH
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  A.M. Hickson, None; P.P. Schmidt, None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  Ruth Morris Fund, Welch Allyn Inc.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2004, Vol.45, 4317. doi:
  • Views
  • Share
  • Tools
    • Alerts
      ×
      This feature is available to authenticated users only.
      Sign In or Create an Account ×
    • Get Citation

      A.M. Hickson, P.P. Schmidt; Maximizing Refractive Error Detection in Preschool Vision Screening . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2004;45(13):4317.

      Download citation file:


      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

      ×
  • Supplements
Abstract

Abstract: : Purpose: Significant refractive error, hyperopia, anisometropia, and astigmatism,in early childhood is the most frequent cause of amblyopia. To compare refracting methods for detect significant refractive error when receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis is used to maximize performance. Methods: 48 preschool children (Mean Age: 4.4 yrs + 1.0 yr) had refractive error measured in a pre–determined order by cycloplegic (C) retinoscopy, noncycloplegic (NC) retinoscopy (Ret), and autorefraction (Nikon Retinomax K–plus (Retmax) and 2 Welch Allyn (WA) autorefractors [Prototype (WAP) & SureSight (SS) 1.22 Child Mode]). All testers were masked; C retinoscopy was the gold standard. ROC curve analysis was conducted for each refracting method. For each refractive error type, specificity (Sp) levels were set at 0.85, 0.90, and 0.95; sensitivity (Se) and cut points (CP) were determined. Results: Hyperopia– Sp=0.85, Se: 0.42 (WAP) – 1.00 (NC Ret); CP=3.44D, 1.37D. Sp=0.90, Se: 0.62 (NC Retmax) – 1.00 (NC Ret); CP=1.37D, 1.37D. Sp=0.95, Se: 0.17 (WAP) – 0.70 (SS 1.22); CP=3.95D, 3.87D. Anisometriopia– Sp=0.85, Se:0.0 (SS 1.22) – 0.50 (NC Ret); CP=1.13D, 0.62D. Sp=0.90, Se:0.0 (SS 1.22) – 0.50 (NC Ret); CP=1.38D, 0.88D. Sp=0.95, Se: 0.0 (SS 1.22, Retmax) – 0.25 (NC Ret, WAP); CP=1.25D – 2.06D. Astigmatism– Sp=0.85, Se:1.00 for all instruments; CP=0.88D – 1.63D. Sp=0.90, Se:1.00 for all instruments; CP=1.13D – 1.88D. Sp=0.95, Se: 1.00 for all instruments; CP=1.75D – 2.50D. Conclusions:Hyperopic cut points and sensitivity vary across methods. Anisometropia cut points vary; sensitivity is poor. Astigmatic cut points and sensitivity are similar across methods. ROC curve analysis enhances the potential usefulness of NC retinoscopy, Retinomax, and SureSight 1.22 method of screening preschool children for significant refractive error.

Keywords: screening for ambylopia and strabismus • hyperopia • astigmatism 
×
×

This PDF is available to Subscribers Only

Sign in or purchase a subscription to access this content. ×

You must be signed into an individual account to use this feature.

×