Abstract
Abstract: :
Purpose: To study comparatively the tomographic findings at the posterior pole of eyes eith macular edema secondary to non–proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Methods: Prospective study of all patients with macular edema secondary to NPDR or RVO referred to Instituto Suel Abujamra from July/2001 to January/2003. All the patients were submitted to the same protocol of examination with OCT (Humphrey, Zeiss, EUA). The protocol consisted of cross hair scans and linear scans (2.83 and 7.00 mm) at horizontal and vertical directions. Results: Regarding NPDR, 51 eyes of 33 patients were examined. Forty–eight eyes (94,1%) presented homogeneous edema ("sponge–like"), 23 eyes (45,1%) presented cistic edema, and 10 eyes (19,6%) presented sub–foveal neurosensorial detachment. Sugestion of macular traction represend by partial posterior vitreous detachment and epi–retinal membrane were noted in 13 (25,5%) and 7 eyes (13,7%), respectively. Regarding RVO, 21 eyes of 21 patients were examined. Twenty eyes (95,3%) presented homogeneous edema ("sponge–like"), 19 eyes (90,5%) presented cistic edema, and 11 eyes (52,4%) presented sub–foveal neurosensorial detachment. One eye (4,8%) presented an epi–retinal membrane. Conclusions: OCT has contributed for improving our knowledge regarding macular edema. Different pathologies may lead to macular edema with different patterns. Possibly the differences shown in this paper reflect the way of installation of these two diseases: insidious in NPRD and abrupt in RVO. Recognition of these different patterns of edema may suggest in the future more specific therapeutic strategies.
Keywords: macula/fovea • imaging methods (CT, FA, ICG, MRI, OCT, RTA, SLO, ultrasound) • retina