Abstract
Abstract: :
Purpose: To investigate the short-term changes of dorzolamide and timolol as a fixed combination (FCDT) on precorneal tear film in comparison with dorzolamide (DZ) and timolol (TL) eye drops. Methods: 14 male and 16 female healthy subjects (mean age: 32 y.) received in a double masked, cross over design a single dose of the FCDT, TL and DZ in one randomly chosen eye. NaCl 0,9% solution served as control. 60 minutes before eye drop instillation the baseline measurements of tear film break up time (BUT) and basal tear secretion (BTS) were obtained. The follow-up was at 30, 60 and 90 minutes. For measuring the BUT 10 µl of 0.2% fluorescein solution was used. BTS were determined by the Schirmer Test after topical anesthesia with proxymetacain. The wilcoxon test for matched pairs was used for statistical analysis. Results: The baseline results were normalized to 100% due to considerable interindividual variation. The BUT at baseline, after 30,60 and 90 min were: FCDT: 10,4±7,7sec; 8,6±5,6 sec (-17%); 8,5±5,3 sec (-18%); 6,8±3,8**(-35%). DZ: 8,5±5,7sec; 8,5±5,9sec (±0%); 7,8±6,8 (-8%); 6,7±4,7**(-21%). TL: 9,2±6,2sec; 9,0±11,5sec (-2%); 7,7±5,3*sec(-16%); 8,5±10,7*sec(-7,6%). The results of BTS at baseline, after 30,60 and 90 min were: FCDT: 20,2±9,0mm; 19,5±9,7mm(-3,5%); 18,5±9,2(-8,4); 18,43 ± 8,75(-8,9%). DZ: 19,6±9,3mm; 19,5±9,1(-0,5%); 16,8±8,2*mm(-14,3%); 16,2±8,4**mm(-17,3%) TL: 20,9±10,5; 19,9±9,5mm(-4,7%); 19,1±9,2mm(-8,6%); 17,9±9,2*mm(-14,3%) [mean±SD; (x): ΔBUT and ΔBTS;*p≤0,05; **p≤0,01]. Conclusions: 90 minutes after single dose application of all tested ophthalmic solutions and 60 minutes after Timolol the BUT was significantly reduced. BTS was statistically significant decreased 90 min after Timolol instillation as well as 60 and 90 min after dorzolamide. All other BUT- and BTS-alterations did not prove to be statistically significant. Whereas timolol and dorzolamide given as single eye drop affect tear fluid secretion it seems not to be influenced by dorzolamide and timolol as a fixed combination. The results of this study might be helpful in finding the suitable therapy with regard to the individual tear film situation of the glaucoma patients.