May 2003
Volume 44, Issue 13
Free
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   May 2003
Vibration Feedback for the Vitreous Cutter Simulator
D. Verma; J.V. Rossi; R.R. Lakhanpal; G.Y. Fujii; A.A. Okamura; P. Stemniski; B. Dellon; M.S. Humayun; E. de Juan, Jr.
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • D. Verma
    Ophthalmology, Doheny Retina Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  • J.V. Rossi
    Ophthalmology, Doheny Retina Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  • R.R. Lakhanpal
    Ophthalmology, Doheny Retina Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  • G.Y. Fujii
    Ophthalmology, Doheny Retina Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  • A.A. Okamura
    Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  • P. Stemniski
    Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  • B. Dellon
    Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  • M.S. Humayun
    Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  • E. de Juan, Jr.
    Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships  D. Verma, None; J.V. Rossi, None; R.R. Lakhanpal, None; G.Y. Fujii, None; A.A. Okamura, None; P. Stemniski, None; B. Dellon, None; M.S. Humayun, None; E. de Juan, Jr., None.
  • Footnotes
    Support  Fletcher Jones Foundation and PPP Foundation
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science May 2003, Vol.44, 3017. doi:
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      D. Verma, J.V. Rossi, R.R. Lakhanpal, G.Y. Fujii, A.A. Okamura, P. Stemniski, B. Dellon, M.S. Humayun, E. de Juan, Jr.; Vibration Feedback for the Vitreous Cutter Simulator . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2003;44(13):3017.

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Abstract

Abstract: : Purpose: To optimize the virtual vitreoretinal simulator system and to make it a more effective training tool by developing a vibration haptic feedback that mimics the cutting vibrations of a vitrector probe. Methods: The vibrational micromovements of a pneumatic vitrector and then of an electric vitrector were recorded using a small accelerometer and an oscilloscope. The data acquired from the accelerometer was used to evaluate the decay constant and vibration frequency, and then an acceleration equation was integrated twice in order to determine the position function above. Different methods to reproduce the pulses were evaluated including the usage of an electric vitrector using piezoelectric motors with a custom made circuit; an eccentric mass attached to the end of a micro motor; a miniature solenoid actuator fitted in a vitrector handle and the use of a basic stamp circuit to control how long the solenoid is on and off. Results: The pulse rate of the pneumatic cutter varied depending on the cutting speed set on the vitrector control. For the electric vitrector, the pulsations appeared as a constant sinusoid. The piezoelectric motor used to re-create the pulsations of an electric vitrector required too much voltage for its actuation and was abandoned. Using an eccentric mass attached to the end of a micromotor, the pulses of the electric vitrector could be well reproduced and its sine wave could be reasonably matched. Overall, the solenoid and micro motor could simulate well the vibrations from both types of vitrectors, pneumatic and electric, respectively. The pulse rate (for pneumatic) and sine wave (for electric) could be adjusted and fine-tuned using the original data and the vibration properties of both the pneumatic and electric matched their simulators. Conclusions: We were able to simulate the vibrations resulting from both pneumatic and electric vitrectors. Our simulating probes presented very similar pulses measured by accelerometers and oscilloscopes. We hope that this development improves virtual vitreoretinal surgery training.

Keywords: retina • computational modeling • motion-3D 
© 2003, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Permission to republish any abstract or part of an abstract in any form must be obtained in writing from the ARVO Office prior to publication.
Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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