Glaucoma Following Pediatric Cataract Extraction: Rate and Risk Factors

Abstract

Abstract: : Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of glaucoma following pediatric cataract extraction. Methods: All cataract extractions performed in patients <18 years of age over a 6 year period (1995-2001) at a uiversity-based practice were identified by conducting a database search. Chart review was performed and included age at surgery, gender, presence of microphthalmos, primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, date of glaucoma onset, and follow-up period. Statistical methods included Kaplan-Meier Life Table Analysis and calculation of Risk Ratios. Results: We identified 116 eyes of 79 patients who underwent cataract extraction. The mean age at surgery was 2.8 years; 42% (49 eyes) had IOL implantation at the time of surgery; and the mean follow-up period was 2.7 years. The overall incidence of glaucoma was 11% (13 eyes). Significant risk factors for development of glaucoma were age at surgery <30 days (p<0.001), no IOL implantation (p=0.001), and microphthalmos (p=0.007). Conclusions: Although the overall incidence of glaucoma following cataract extraction in children is relatively low, knowledge of associated risk factors will allow clinicians to make cogent decisions regarding care of these children.

Keywords: clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: ris • intraocular pressure • treatment outcomes of cataract surgery