Abstract
Abstract: :
Purpose: To Identify the most frecuent diagnosis in the ophthalmology first time consoulting of a Mexican Institute during the year 2001. Methods: In this retrospective, longitudinal study, 2,295 clinical ophthalmology charts were reviewed. All the diagnoses were made by residents from first to third year. The inclusion criteria were: all the patients that assisted to our Institute for the first time consoulting, gender and age were not important factors. The diagnosis of conjunctivitis was divided into 4 groups (group I: folicular, group II: allergic, group III: bacterial and group IV: combined). Cataract were divided into 4 groups ( group I: senile, group II: metabolic, group III: congenital, and group IV after trauma). Glaucoma was divided into 4 groups ( group I: open angle, group II: closed angle, group III: normal tension, and group IV neovascular). Diabetic Retinopathy was divided into 2 groups (group I: non proliferative and group II: proliferative). Any kind of Ammetropy. Any kind of dry eye syndrome. Any location of Pterygium. Clinical chart whithout diagnosis or incomplete data, were excluded. Results: The most frecuent diagnosis made by residents in the primary ophthalmology consoulting were as follows: In a global population refractive defects were present in 36%, conjunctivitis in 24% ( 40 % in group II), Cataracts in 14% ( 68 % in group I), Pterygium in 9%, Glaucoma in 5% ( 71 % in group I), Diabetic Retinopathy in 5% (95% in group II) and Dry Eye Syndrome in 2%. Conclusion: This is a representative example of the most common ophthalmological entities that affect mexican population. This affirmation is based on the knowledge that this is a concentration hospital. The refractive defects are the most frecuent cause of first time consoulting. The conjunctivitis associated with Dry eye, represent a very important factor for degenerations of conjunctiva, causing pterygium and other external pathology. This could be related to the environmental factors such as air pollution, dry weather and other predisponent factors.
Keywords: 354 clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: prevalence/incidence • 326 attention • 357 clinical (human) or epidemiologic studies: treatment/prevention assessment/controlled clinical trials