Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 57, Issue 12
September 2016
Volume 57, Issue 12
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   September 2016
An engineered porous silica particle for sustained intravitreal delivery of mycophenolic acid
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Yuqin Wang
    Department of Ophthalmology, 1. Jacob’s Retina Center at Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
    Specialty of Uveitis, 2. Eye Hospital of Zhejiang Province, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
  • David Warther
    Department of Ophthalmology, 1. Jacob’s Retina Center at Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • Kristyn Huffman
    Department of Ophthalmology, 1. Jacob’s Retina Center at Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • Sandy Rios
    Department of Ophthalmology, 1. Jacob’s Retina Center at Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • David Sengmany
    Department of Ophthalmology, 1. Jacob’s Retina Center at Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • William R Freeman
    Department of Ophthalmology, 1. Jacob’s Retina Center at Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • Michael Sailor
    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California, United States
  • Lingyun Cheng
    Department of Ophthalmology, 1. Jacob’s Retina Center at Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Yuqin Wang, None; David Warther, None; Kristyn Huffman, None; Sandy Rios, None; David Sengmany, None; William Freeman, BioSpinnakers Science (C), BioSpinnakers Science (I); Michael Sailor, BioSpinnakers Science (I); Lingyun Cheng, BioSpinnakers Science (C), BioSpinnakers Science (I)
  • Footnotes
    Support  This study was supported by NIH EY020617 and partially by a NIH P30 core grant P30EY022589 (Histology Module)
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science September 2016, Vol.57, 4008. doi:
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    • Get Citation

      Yuqin Wang, David Warther, Kristyn Huffman, Sandy Rios, David Sengmany, William R Freeman, Michael Sailor, Lingyun Cheng; An engineered porous silica particle for sustained intravitreal delivery of mycophenolic acid. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2016;57(12):4008.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a strong immunosuppressant used for refractory autoimmune uveitis through oral administration. However, roughly 30% of patients cannot tolerate this prodrug. MMF is converted by the liver to the active ingredient mycophenolic acid (MPA). We hypothesize that an intravitreal sustained delivery system will provide long-term therapeutic MPA at the disease site while eliminating systemic side effects.

Methods : Spherical porous silica (pSiO2) were obtained from Silicycle (Quebec City, QB) measuring 15µm in diameter with 10 nm pores. In order to load hydrophobic MPA, the pSiO2 particles were chemically grafted with alkyl chains (C8) to render them hydrophobic. 60mg of the grafted pSiO2 particles was then soaked in MPA solution (10mg/mL in methanol) for 60 hours for loading. The loaded particles finally were briefly washed before drying for in vitro release and in vivo intravitreal injection. In vitro release was performed in a dynamic dissolution chamber with the infusion rate of 1 µL per minute. The sample was collected daily and stored at -80°C until mass spectrometry analysis. For in vivo study, one eye of each four rabbits was injected with MPA-loaded pSiO2 particles. After the injection, slit-lamp, tonometry, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and ERG were performed for two weeks.

Results : C8 grafting was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrometry. Both C8 grafting and MPA loading were quantified by thermogravimetric analysis (Figure 1) and were determined to be 11% in mass for C8 grafting and 16.7% in mass for MPA loading. The in vitro release demonstrated a Cmax of 1.05 µg/mL, Tmax of day 1, and the concentration at day 14 was 682 ng/mL. The intravitreal injected MPA-loaded pSiO2 particles ranged from 4.5mg to 2.7 mg per eye. No toxicity was observed clinically and ERG at day 14 was normal compared with the fellow eyes (flicker ERG 38.1±6.1 vs. 41.8±6.1µV, p=0.42 paired t-test). Intraocular pressure for the injected eyes was 10.5±1.4 mmHg versus 10.2±1.4 mmHg for the fellow eyes, p=0.63, paired t-test.

Conclusions : MPA can be successfully loaded into C8 grafted pSiO2 particles and the intravitreal injection was well tolerated. This delivery system may be highly valuable for the management of refractory autoimmune uveitis.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2016 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, Wash., May 1-5, 2016.

 

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