Abstract
Purpose :
To evaluate the demographical and clinical characteristics of RP patients applied between June 2014-October 2015
Methods :
Personal-family history of the patients were recorded. Ophthalmological examination included visual acuity(VA) testing, biomicroscopy, fundoscopy, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(OCT) and fundus autofluorescence(FAF) imaging
Results :
Out of 304 RP patients 36.2% was female, mean age was 43.8±14.6 years.(8-76 years) Consanguinity rate was 57.8%, sporadic cases constituted 38.7%. There was no coexisting systemic disorder in 51% of the patients and no additional ocular pathology in 80% of 608 eyes. Cataract surgery was performed in 24.5% of the eyes, 28 % of the eyes had posterior-subcapsular, 8.6% had nuclear cataract. Nystagmus was seen in 24.9 %, orthophoria in 54.5% and exophoria in 41.7%. VA categories and corresponding percentages were; no light perception 6.5%, only light perception 34.1%, seeing hand movements 31.2%, counting fingers at 1meter to 10/100 (12.8%) and ≥10/100 (15.4%). Fundus examination revealed end-stage RP in 69.5%, severe macular atrophy in 7.4% of the eyes. Mean foveal thickness was 126.41±68.89um. There was a positive correlation between VA and foveal thickness and a negative correlation between age and both VA and foveal thickness. ILM and/or ERM thickening(41.9%), presence of micropseudocyst(19.2%), cystoid macular edema(3.5%) were among the mostly seen retinal abnormalities. The rate of choroidal thinning, which was excepted as subfoveal thickness <250umwas 61.9%. As the patient was older or axial length was longer, choroidal thinning was more. Foveal thickness and choroidal thinning showed a negative, foveal thickness and presence of IS/OS line integrity showed a positive correlation. There was presence of hyper-autofluorescent ring in 25.7%, abnormal hyper-autofluorescent patterns at the macula in 44%, absence of fundus autofluorencence (outer retinal atrophy) in 59% and decreased FAF at the periphery in 81% of the eyes. In the presence of FAF loss, VA was significantly less. Mean axial length was 22.98 mm.
Conclusions :
Screening RP patients using OCT, FAF and biometry is advised both at the time of diagnosis and follow-up. These findings are believed to be very useful both for documenting the course of the disease as well as selecting candidates for innovative treatment modalities.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2016 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, Wash., May 1-5, 2016.