Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 57, Issue 12
September 2016
Volume 57, Issue 12
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   September 2016
Differential cytokine expression by ocular surface cells infected with adenovirus
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • James Chodosh
    Ophthalmology, Mass Eye & Ear Infirmary/HMS, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Xiaohong Zhou
    Ophthalmology, Mass Eye & Ear Infirmary/HMS, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Emma Materne
    Ophthalmology, Mass Eye & Ear Infirmary/HMS, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • AshrafAli M Ismail
    Ophthalmology, Mass Eye & Ear Infirmary/HMS, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Jaya Rajaiya
    Ophthalmology, Mass Eye & Ear Infirmary/HMS, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   James Chodosh, None; Xiaohong Zhou, None; Emma Materne, None; AshrafAli Ismail, None; Jaya Rajaiya, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH grants EY013124, EY021558, and P30EY014104, a Senior Scientific Investigator Award (to JC) from Research to Prevent Blindness, the Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund, and the Falk Foundation
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science September 2016, Vol.57, 2336. doi:
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    • Get Citation

      James Chodosh, Xiaohong Zhou, Emma Materne, AshrafAli M Ismail, Jaya Rajaiya; Differential cytokine expression by ocular surface cells infected with adenovirus. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2016;57(12):2336.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Eye infections with human adenovirus species D type 37 (HAdV-D37) result in severe, ocular surface inflammation, recognized clinically as epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Our previous work focused on the role of intracellular signaling and downstream chemokine expression in response to HAdV-D37 infection of human corneal fibroblasts. We now elucidate differential patterns of cytokine expression across a broad range of ocular surface cell types and show a relationship between cytokine expression and intracellular trafficking by the virus.

Methods : Human ocular surface cells, including epithelial cells, stromal cells, and bone marrow derived cells isolated from peripheral blood, were infected with cesium chloride gradient purified HAdV-D37 (MOI of 5 for 4 hours), empty HAdV-D37 viral capsid, or buffer control (mock infection), and incubated in Brefeldin A (20 µg/ml), followed by intracellular staining with antibodies against IL6, IL1β, CXCL10, TNFα, CXCL8, and CCL2, fixation in 2% paraformaldehyde, and quantification by flow cytometry, with statistical analysis by ANOVA. Intracellular localization of Cy3-labeled HAdV-D37 was studied by the Streptolysin O (SLO) method, in which cells infected for one hour are permeabilized with SLO, and stained with anti-Cy3 antibody.

Results : Each cell type tested except tert-immortalized, human corneal epithelial cells, showed a significant increase in one or more of the cytokines tested above mock infection levels. In particular, in conventional dendritic cells, all the cytokines were increased by infection except CXCL10; intact virus was a stronger inducer of IL6 and CCL2 than empty capsid. On its own, empty capsid also elicited increased IL6 and CCL2 expression. In contrast, in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, only IL6 expression was increased by infection. At one hour post infection, SLO analysis showed HAdV-D37 in the cytosol of corneal epithelial cells but in the endosomes of other cells tested.

Conclusions : The absence of cytokine expression by HAdV-D37 infected human corneal epithelial cells is consistent with prior observations. These data further confirm cell type specific cytokine responses upon infection, and suggest that endosomal retention of virus is associated with relatively greater proinflammatory responses by an infected cell.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2016 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, Wash., May 1-5, 2016.

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