Abstract
Purpose :
To evaluate the relationship between various cytokine levels in aqueous humor and naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) types as determined by optical coherence tomographic (OCT) patterns
Methods :
The study examined 101 patients with DME at early phase. Twenty patients who underwent cataract surgery served as controls. Eyes with DME were divided into four groups, based on OCT patterns of DME, prior to intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB). Patterns included sponge-like diffuse retinal thickening (SDRT) (n=25), cystoid macular edema (CME) (n =28), serous retinal detachment (SRD) (n=22), and combined CME and SRD (n=26). Visual acuity, central macular thickness (CMT) through OCT, and aqueous cytokine concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, interferon-induced protein (IP)-10, monocyte chemo attractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA, Plancental growth factor (PGF) were measured in all subjects. The odds ratio (OR) between aqueous cytokines and each DME pattern were calculated using multivariate regression analysis.
Results :
After IVB, CMT was reduced in all groups, but the highest reduction ratio occurred in eyes with SDRT and CME. Aqueous analyses showed that VEGF, PGF was associated with development of SDRT (P=0.003, OR=1.043, 95% CI=1.015-1.072; P=0.011, OR=1.023, 95% CI=1.005-1.052. , respectively). IL-6, MCP-1, VEGF, PGF were related with CME (P<0.001, OR=1.025, 95% CI=1.011-1.039; P<0.001, OR=1.003, 95% CI=1.001-1.004; P<0.003, OR=1.009, 95% CI=1.002-1.010; P<0.013, OR=1.011, 95% CI=1.010-1.018, respectively). IL-6, IP-10, PDGF, PGF was also associated with SRD (P=0.045, OR=1.018, 95% CI=1.006-1.030; P=0.035, OR=1.012, 95% CI=1.006-1.031; P=0.015, OR=1.012, 95% CI=1.005-1.019; P=0.013, OR=1.011, 95% CI=1.006-1.038, respectively). Furthermore, IL-6, VEGF, PDGF, PGF were related with Combined pattern (P=0.031, OR=1.013, 95% CI=1.002-1.024; P=0.038, OR=1.014, 95% CI=1.014-1.043; P=0.043, OR=1.010, 95% CI=1.001-1.033; P=0.039, OR=1.015, 95% CI=1.012-1.048, respectively).
Conclusions :
Specific aqueous cytokines may play an important role in developing each naïve DME pattern based on OCT.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2016 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, Wash., May 1-5, 2016.