Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 57, Issue 12
September 2016
Volume 57, Issue 12
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   September 2016
The combined effect of drusen component amyloid beta and oxidative stress on polarized retinal pigment epithelium
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Sijia Cao
    Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  • Jiangyuan Gao
    Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  • Jing Z Cui
    Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  • Joanne A Matsubara
    Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Sijia Cao, None; Jiangyuan Gao, None; Jing Cui, None; Joanne Matsubara, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  CIHR Grant MOP-126195
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science September 2016, Vol.57, 6543. doi:
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      Sijia Cao, Jiangyuan Gao, Jing Z Cui, Joanne A Matsubara; The combined effect of drusen component amyloid beta and oxidative stress on polarized retinal pigment epithelium. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2016;57(12):6543.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Multiple risk factors contribute to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but less is known of the combined effect of these risk factors on the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), the cell type first injured in the disease process. Here we investigated the combined effect of two risk factors – a drusen component (amyloid beta, Aβ) and oxidative stress on RPE in terms of expression of inflammatory mediators and complement genes using a polarized cell model of ARPE19.

Methods : To measure NF-κB activation, ARPE19/NF-κB-luciferase reporter cells were established and cultured on Transwell inserts to form a polarized monolayer. The cells were exposed on the apical surface to oxidative stressor H2O2 and/or basolaterally to oligomeric Aβ1-40. Gene expression of inflammatory mediators (caspase-1, IL-18, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, TNF-α) and complement components (CD46, CD55, CD59, factor B, factor D, factor H, factor I, C3 and C5) was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results were analyzed with Student’s t test and significance was set at p <0.05.

Results : The combined stimulation with H2O2 apically and Aβ basolaterally promoted NF-κB activation, upregulated IL-18 and MCP-1 (mean fold change normalized to control ± standard error of mean: 2.7±0.1, 3.8±0.3, and 1.5±0.0, respectively, N=3). Stimulation with Aβ or H2O2 alone induced an upregulation of IL-18 (2.4±0.5, 4.3±0.5, N=3) and exposure to H2O2 alone also caused NF-κB activation (2.6±0.3, N=3). Single stimulation had no effect on MCP-1 expression. Regarding the complement genes, the combined stimulation upregulated CD46, CD55, and C3 (1.5±0.1, 1.5±0.1, and 1.6±0.4, respectively), while stimulation with Aβ or H2O2 alone had no effect on any of complement components studied.

Conclusions : The combined effect of drusen component Aβ and oxidative stressor H2O2 achieved a greater effect on RPE compared to either stimulus alone. Our results suggest there may be a differential response to stimuli on the apical and basal surfaces and multiple risk factors may contribute to AMD disease processes through regulation of inflammatory and complement genes. Future studies will allow further insight into the interactions between risk factors to better understand AMD pathogenesis.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2016 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, Wash., May 1-5, 2016.

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