Abstract
Purpose :
The purpose of this study is to create realistic simulated scenes in which different presbyopia treatment modalities such as progressive addition lenses (PALs) and multifocal contact and intraocular lenses.
Methods :
The Point Spread Function (PSF) is determined for different treatment modalities. For PALs, images of an array of point sources are captured to determine the PSF for a series of eye gaze positions. For multifocal contact and intraocular lenses, a high resolution Shack Hartmann sensor is used to the measure the wavefront associated with each lens. The PSF is then calculated from each wavefront. To providing realistic renderings of 3D scenes, the scene is decomposed into a series of planes, each at a distinct distance. Objects in each plane are convolved with a depth-adjusted Point Spread Function and the planes are recombined to form a simulated scene. Occlusion of background objects by the foreground is also accounted for. Pupil size, eye gaze position and head orientation can also be controlled.
Results :
The image below shows an example office scene as viewed through two commercially available multifocal contact lenses. The first lens has a center near progressive aspheric profile to create multifocality, while the second lens has zonal aspheric optics with ring-type zones of alternating distance and near power. Both lenses demonstrate an ability to provide usable near intermediate and near vision. However, the ring-type bifocal caused more ghosting of letters for near objects.
Conclusions :
Three-dimensional scene simulation provides a useful tool for analyzing the performance properties of various types of presbyopic correction. The scenes provide realistic comparison of common visual situations such as reading a cell phone or computer screen and viewing distant objects. The simulations can illustrate the benefits and limitations of a vast array of presbyopia treatments. These simulations are useful for patient education as well as for comparing the performance between designs and modalities.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2017 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Baltimore, MD, May 7-11, 2017.