June 2017
Volume 58, Issue 8
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2017
Comparison between the nGoggle and Optical Coherence Tomography for Detecting Glaucoma
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Fabio Bernardi Daga
    Visual Performance Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Masaki Nakanishi
    Visual Performance Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • Yu-Te Wang
    Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • Tzyy-Ping Jung
    Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States
  • John Zao
    Department of Computer Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsînchu, Taiwan
  • Nara G. Ogata
    Visual Performance Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Ivan Maynart Tavares
    Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Felipe Medeiros
    Visual Performance Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Fabio Daga, None; Masaki Nakanishi, None; Yu-Te Wang, None; Tzyy-Ping Jung, nGoggle, Inc. (I); John Zao, nGoggle, Inc. (I); Nara Ogata, None; Ivan Tavares, None; Felipe Medeiros, Alcon Laboratories (F), Alcon Laboratories (R), Allergan Inc. (F), Allergan Inc. (R), Allergan Inc. (C), Bausch & Lomb (F), Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (F), Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (R), Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (C), Heidelberg Engineering Inc. (F), Merck Inc. (F), National Eye Institute (F), nGoggle Inc. (I), Novartis (C), Reichert Inc. (R), Reichert Inc. (F), Sensimed (F), Topcon Inc. (F)
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2017, Vol.58, 4746. doi:
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      Fabio Bernardi Daga, Masaki Nakanishi, Yu-Te Wang, Tzyy-Ping Jung, John Zao, Nara G. Ogata, Ivan Maynart Tavares, Felipe Medeiros; Comparison between the nGoggle and Optical Coherence Tomography for Detecting Glaucoma. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2017;58(8):4746.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : The nGoggle (nGoggle, Inc., San Diego, CA) is a portable device capable of objectively assessing visual function loss through the assessment of multifocal steady-state visual evoked potentials (mfSSVEP) associated with visual field stimulation (Figure 1). In a previous study, the nGoggle has been shown to be able to identify functional losses in eyes with glaucomatous visual field defects on standard automated perimetry (SAP). In this study we further investigate the ability of the nGoggle in detecting glaucomatous damage, by comparing its diagnostic accuracy to that of RNFL thickness measurements obtained with Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SDOCT).

Methods : 80 eyes of 42 glaucomatous patients and 33 eyes of 18 healthy controls were included. Glaucoma was diagnosed based on masked grading of optic disc stereophotographs. The nGoggle is a portable device that integrates wearable, wireless, dry electroencephalogram and electrooculogram systems, and a head-mounted display (HMD). Visual stimuli eliciting mfSSVEP signals in 20 sectors over the field of vision were presented on the nGoggle’s cell phone-based HMD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to compare the diagnostic accuracies of the different parameters investigated in the study.

Results : Average SAP MD was -4.2 ± 6.3 dB in glaucoma eyes vs. -0.9 ± 2.8 dB in controls (P = 0.002). Average RNFL thickness measurements were thinner in glaucoma compared to healthy eyes (74.0 ± 15.4 μm vs. 93.2 ± 12.3 μm, respectively; P < 0.001). The global nGoggle mfSSVEP parameter also showed a significant difference between glaucoma and healthy eyes (0.294 ± 0.021 vs. 0.335 ± 0.028, P < 0.001). The nGoggle global parameter had AUC of 0.879 (95% CI: 0.817 – 0.941), which was comparable to the AUC for SDOCT RNFL (0.831; 95% CI: 0.753 – 0.908; P = 0.340) (Figure 2). The nGoggle performed better than SAP MD (AUC = 0.684; P = 0.002) and Pattern Standard Deviation (AUC = 0.667; P < 0.001).

Conclusions : The nGoggle, a portable and objective device for assessment of functional loss, performed better than SAP and had diagnostic accuracy comparable to OCT for detecting glaucomatous damage.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2017 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Baltimore, MD, May 7-11, 2017.

 

 

Receiver operating characteristic curves for the nGoggle global parameter, SDOCT average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD)

Receiver operating characteristic curves for the nGoggle global parameter, SDOCT average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD)

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