Abstract
Purpose :
To quantify the profile of peripheral higher order aberrations (HOA) in eyes of adolescents and to determine change if any in the HOA after 5 years.
Methods :
Children (646) were measured as part of the Sydney Myopia Study (age 12.7 ± 0.4 years) and followed-up approximately 5 years later in the Sydney Adolescent Vascular and Eye Study (age, 17.1 ± 0.5 years). Peripheral HOA were measured at 30 degrees temporal (T), nasal (N) and inferior (I) visual field under cycloplegia (5 mm pupil diameter) using COAS aberrometer. One-way ANOVA and paired t-test were done.
Results :
At baseline, 176 (27%) eyes were emmetropic (SE +0.15 ± 0.24D), 95 (15%) were myopic (SE -2.00 ± 1.38D) and remaining 375 (58%) were hyperopic (SE +1.09 ± 0.66D). Of the peripheral HOA, C(4,0) was more positive for hyperopic (N:+0.050 ± 0.058µm,I:+0.067 ± 0.061µm,T:+0.057 ± 0.054µm) compared to myopic (N:+0.027 ± 0.056µm,I:+0.052 ± 0.057µm,T:+0.020 ± 0.048µm) and emmetropic eyes (N:+0.022 ± 0.052µm, I:+0.049 ± 0.056 µm, T:+0.026 ± 0.043 µm) (p < 0.05).
At follow up, 26 % (n=167) had ‘myopic change’ (change in SE≥ -0.50D) and 70% (n=451) had ‘no change’ (change in SE= -0.49D to +0.49D). Coma aberrations [C(3,-1) and C(3,1)] at nasal field became more negative for all eyes at follow-up irrespective of ‘myopic change’ or ‘no change’ (p<0.05). At follow-up, spherical aberration became more positive at temporal field for emmetropic and myopic eyes in ‘no change’ group (p<0.05). Also, HOA RMS increased for eyes with ‘myopic change’ for myopic (increase at T field by 0.019 ± 0.068 µm, p = 0.011) and hyperopic eyes (increase at T field by 0.024 ± 0.071, p =0.006 and increase at N field by 0.020 ± 0.080 µm, p=0.039) and for emmetropic eyes (increase at T field by 0.025 ± 0.061 µm, p=0.011). In addition, emmetropic eyes with ‘no change’ also registered an increase in HOA (increase at T field by 0.021 ± 0.072 µm, p = 0.001 and increased at I field by 0.025 ± 0.103 µm, p=0.006).
Conclusions :
With increasing age, spherical aberration became more positive at temporal field for emmetropic and myopic eyes that did not undergo a change in refraction. Coma aberrations became more negative at nasal field irrespective of refractive error change at follow-up. With increasing age, HOA RMS at peripheral visual field especially the temporal field increased and was significant for eyes with myopic change in refraction.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2017 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Baltimore, MD, May 7-11, 2017.