Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 58, Issue 8
June 2017
Volume 58, Issue 8
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2017
Mediterranean diet and risk of visual impairment: The CONSTANCES study
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Benedicte MJ Merle
    Population Health research center, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
    ISPED, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
  • Bernard Srour
    Population Health research center, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
    ISPED, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
  • Anna Ozguler
    UMS 11, Cohortes épidémiologiques en population, Inserm-UVSQ, Villejuif, France
  • Catherine Feart
    Population Health research center, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
    ISPED, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
  • Cecilia Samieri
    Population Health research center, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
    ISPED, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
  • Marcel Goldberg
    UMS 11, Cohortes épidémiologiques en population, Inserm-UVSQ, Villejuif, France
  • Marie Zins
    UMS 11, Cohortes épidémiologiques en population, Inserm-UVSQ, Villejuif, France
  • Cecile DelCourt
    Population Health research center, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
    ISPED, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Benedicte Merle, Bausch+lomb (R), Horus Pharma (C), Laboratoires Théa (R), St Hubert (R); Bernard Srour, None; Anna Ozguler, None; Catherine Feart, Danone Research (R), Nutricia (R); Cecilia Samieri, None; Marcel Goldberg, None; Marie Zins, AstraZeneca (F), Lundbeck (F), MSD (F); Cecile DelCourt, Allergan (C), Bausch+Lomb (C), Laboratoires Théa (C), Novartis (C), Roche (C)
  • Footnotes
    Support  Investissements d'avenir - ANR-11-INBS-0002 and IReSP (Research Institut of Public Health)
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2017, Vol.58, 839. doi:
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      Benedicte MJ Merle, Bernard Srour, Anna Ozguler, Catherine Feart, Cecilia Samieri, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Cecile DelCourt; Mediterranean diet and risk of visual impairment: The CONSTANCES study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2017;58(8):839.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Higher adherence to Mediterranean diet (MeDi) is linked to a lower risk of mortality, of several chronic diseases, and has been recently inversely associated with retinal diseases such as AMD or diabetic retinopathy. However, knowledge of the potential associations of the MeDi with ocular health remains limited. In the present study, we examined the association of adherence to the MeDi with the prevalence of visual impairment (VI) in the French CONSTANCES population-based cohort.

Methods : CONSTANCES is an ongoing representative sample of French adults aged 18–69 years at inception, randomly selected among the National Health Insurance Fund database. A total of 200 000 subjects are expected to be included over a five year period (2012-2018). Our analyses were performed on 41 481 participants with complete ophthalmic, dietary, medical, and, sociodemographic and lifestyle data, included in 2012-2015.
Visual acuity was assessed using the Snellen scale, according to a standard operating procedure, by trained personnel in each Health Screening Center (HSC).
Dietary data were collected from food frequency questionnaire and sociodemographic and lifestyle data from a standardized self-reported questionnaire. Medical data were recorded by a medical doctor during an examination at the HSC.
VI was defined as a presenting visual acuity <20/40 at the better eye. A MeDi score assessing adherence to the MeDi (range 0-9) was constructed according to the method developed by Trichopoulou, using high intakes of vegetables, fruits, legumes, cereals, fish, and olive oil, low intakes of meats and dairy products and moderate alcohol consumption.
Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess associations between the MeDi score and VI.

Results : In the studied sample, the prevalence of visual impairment was 0.6%. A higher MeDi score (6-9) was significantly associated with a reduced risk of VI after adjusting for age and gender (OR=0.60 95%CI: 0.42-0.85, p-trend=0.005). After adjustment for body mass index, education, income, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia this association remained significant (OR=0.69 95%CI: 0.48-1.00, p-trend=0.045).

Conclusions : Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a 30% reduced risk of VI among French adults. These results highlight that eating a healthy diet, such as a Mediterranean-type diet, may help to preserve an optimal ocular health.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2017 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Baltimore, MD, May 7-11, 2017.

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