June 2017
Volume 58, Issue 8
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2017
West Indies Glaucoma Laser Study: 12-Month Efficacy of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) in Afro-Caribbeans with Glaucoma
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Tony Realini
    Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
  • Hazel Shillingford-Ricketts
    Harlsbro Medical Center, Roseau, Dominica
  • Darra Burt
    Eye Care Saint Lucia, Castries, Saint Lucia
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Tony Realini, Aerie (F), Alcon (C), Alcon (F), Bausch & Lomb (C), Inotek (C); Hazel Shillingford-Ricketts, None; Darra Burt, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  R01 EY023620
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2017, Vol.58, 2463. doi:
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      Tony Realini, Hazel Shillingford-Ricketts, Darra Burt; West Indies Glaucoma Laser Study: 12-Month Efficacy of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) in Afro-Caribbeans with Glaucoma. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2017;58(8):2463.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : To characterize the 12-month IOP-lowering efficacy of SLT when used as sole therapy for the management of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in an Afro-Caribbean population.

Methods : Subjects with established POAG based on optic nerve and visual field damage were recruited from St. Lucia and Dominica and randomized to 1 of 3 groups: prompt washout followed by SLT; 3-month delay followed by washout and SLT; or 6-month delay followed by washout and SLT. The latter 2 groups continued current medical therapy for 3 or 6 months, respectively, between randomization and washout. Baseline IOP was the mean of values obtained on 2 different days after a 4-6 week washout of all IOP-lowering medications. Bilateral 360-degree SLT was performed in 1 session. Post-treatment assessments took place 1 hour, 1 week, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. IOP was measured twice at each visit with a Perkins tonometer using a modified OHTS protocol by an operator masked to target IOP. Target IOP was a ≥20% reduction in IOP from post-washout baseline. Failure occurred when IOP was above target on 2 consecutive assessments and was followed by retreatment.

Results : 78 subjects were randomized and 72 underwent treatment (1 had low washout IOP, 5 withdrew consent before treatment). Mean IOP at enrollment was 15.3 ± 3.5 mmHg and 15.3 ± 3.6 mmHg in right and left eyes, which rose to 20.9 ± 3.4 mmHg and 20.7 ± 3.1 mmHg, respectively, after washout. Mean IOP at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months ranged from 12.5 mmHg to 14.6 mmHg (p<0.0001 in each eye at each time point), representing IOP reductions from post-washout baseline ranging from 29.2% to 39.6%. IOP in the delayed treatment groups were unchanged between randomization and washout (p=0.08), ruling out regression to the mean as an explanation for the observed post-SLT IOP reductions. Survival analysis revealed a 78% survival rate (IOP at or below target in both eyes) at 12 months following initial SLT. Considering those who failed initial SLT and underwent retreatment, the 12-month survival rate for one or more SLT treatments rose to 97%. Common side effects included transient photophobia and discomfort.

Conclusions : SLT safely provides significant IOP reduction when used as monotherapy in Afro-Caribbean eyes with POAG. SLT can play a significant role in preventing glaucoma vision loss and blindness in people of African Descent living in resource-limited regions.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2017 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Baltimore, MD, May 7-11, 2017.

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