Abstract
Purpose :
Technological developments in Medicine have resulted in the increase of newborn survival, and therefore, the increase of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) cases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the epidemiologic characteristics in patients with this pathology in a Mexican population refer and treated exclusively in an ophthalmologic Institution.
Methods :
A retrospective, descriptive and observational study was done. One hundred and ten patients with history of gestational age less than 34 SDG and /or birth weight lower than 1750 gr were included, based on an electronic file. Who received ophthalmologic screening for ROP from January 2007 to January 2016. Gestational age, birth weight, perinatal history, supplementary oxygen use, staging of ROP and presence of no light perception were assessed.
Results :
We had one hundred and twenty patients, but only 110 had complete information. The mean gestational age was 30.7, the bitrh weigth between 810 gr -1750 gr, 20% with birth weight of 1000 gr or lower than, male 72.7% .
Main systemic complications reported were respiratory distress, sepsis, Hyperbilirubinemia and Intracraneal hemorrhage. In terms of diagnosis age, 84.3% were identified before 1 year old. It was found no ROP in 56.8% of eyes and patients with bilateral no light perception (NPL) corresponding to stage V in 16.3%. In statistic analysis Low birth weight and gestational age in mexican population are the main risk factors for ROP (P< 0.0001).
Conclusions :
Low birth weight and gestational age in Mexican population are the main risk factors for ROP. This matches with CRYO-ROP studies reported. However, the percentage of no light perception cases associated to stage V is related to the lack of proper screening methods in our city.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2017 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Baltimore, MD, May 7-11, 2017.