Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 59, Issue 9
July 2018
Volume 59, Issue 9
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   July 2018
Prevalence of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in a Norwegian Working-Age Population Seeking Specialist Eye Care for Dry Eye Symptoms
Reza A Badian; Tor Paaske Utheim; Sten Raeder; Øygunn Aass Utheim; Xiangjun Chen; Behzod Tashbayev; Bente Monica Aakre; Ann Elisabeth Ystenas; Vibeke Sundling
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Reza A Badian
    National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, University College of Southeast-Norway, Norway, Norway
  • Tor Paaske Utheim
    National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, University College of Southeast-Norway, Norway, Norway
    Unit of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
  • Sten Raeder
    Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Oslo, Norway
  • Øygunn Aass Utheim
    Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
  • Xiangjun Chen
    National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, University College of Southeast-Norway, Norway, Norway
  • Behzod Tashbayev
    Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • Bente Monica Aakre
    National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, University College of Southeast-Norway, Norway, Norway
  • Ann Elisabeth Ystenas
    National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, University College of Southeast-Norway, Norway, Norway
  • Vibeke Sundling
    National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care Department of Optometry, Radiography and Lighting Design, University College of Southeast-Norway, Norway, Norway
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Reza A Badian, None; Tor Utheim, None; Sten Raeder, None; Øygunn Utheim, None; Xiangjun Chen, None; Behzod Tashbayev, None; Bente Monica Aakre, None; Ann Elisabeth Ystenas, None; Vibeke Sundling, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2018, Vol.59, 928. doi:
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      Reza A Badian, Tor Paaske Utheim, Sten Raeder, Øygunn Aass Utheim, Xiangjun Chen, Behzod Tashbayev, Bente Monica Aakre, Ann Elisabeth Ystenas, Vibeke Sundling; Prevalence of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in a Norwegian Working-Age Population Seeking Specialist Eye Care for Dry Eye Symptoms. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2018;59(9):928.

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Abstract

Purpose : To determine the prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in Norwegian working-age population (21 to 69 years) seeking specialist eye care due to dry eye related symptoms.

Methods : A total of 721 patients aged 21 to 69 years were examined due to dry eye related symptoms at the Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic in the period 2012-2016. All patients initially answered the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire. Patients underwent thorough dry eye examination, including assessment of meibomian gland function. Meibomian gland dysfunction was diagnosed on the basis of meibum quality (score: 0-24) and expressibility (score: 0-3). A score of ≥2-4 for quality with a score of 1 for expressibility, or either a score ≥4 for quality or ≥ 2 for expressibility, was considered abnormal. Patients were also stratified into age groups, and prevalence of MGD was determined for each age category. Group differences and associations were analyzed using standard parametric and non-parametric statistical tests.

Results : The mean age (sd) of the patients was 48 (±13) years, 530 (73.5%) were female. Majority of study subjects, 483 (69%) had moderate to severe dry eye symptoms (OSDI score ≥ 23). The overall prevalence of MGD was 93.2%. In patients aged 21-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years, 51-60 years, and 61-69 years, the prevalence of MGD were 87.3%, 93.8%, 94.8%, 93.0% and 94.2%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of MGD between age-groups (χ2 (4)=5.233, p=0.264) or gender (χ2 (1)=2.833, p=0.092). The severity of MGD was not correlated with the severity of dry eye symptoms (rs=0.038, p=0.306).

Conclusions : The majority of the working-age population seeking ophthalmological care for dry eye related symptoms have MGD. In our study, the prevalence of MGD was neither associated with age nor gender. Interestingly, the severity of MGD was not correlated with the severity of dry eye symptoms. This reflects the importance of detection and early treatment MGD in primary eye care.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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