Abstract
Purpose :
To analyze the effects of diamidines (hexamidine-diisethionat (HD), propamidin-isethionate (PD), dibromopropamidine-diisethionat (DD)) and biguanides (polyhexamethylen biguanid (PHMB), chlorhexidine (CH)) on human corneal epithelial cell, keratocyte and endothelial cell viability, proliferation and migration, in vitro.
Methods :
For epithelial and endothelial cells a human cell line, for keratocytes primary cultures were used (n=6 each). We used 3.9x10-4-0.1% HD, PD or DD, 3.9x10-4-0.0125% PD, 7.8x10-5-0.02% PHMB or CH concentration for 24 hours to determine viability with Cell Proliferation Kit XTT, proliferation by Cell Proliferation ELISA BrdU kit and migration using wound healing assay. Viability/proliferation/migration values of each drug were summarized as area under curve (AUC) and a Mann-Whitney test was used.
Results :
HCEC, keratocyte and HCEC-12 viability AUC, comparing PD and PHMB (p≤0.014 for all; PD better) or PD and HD (p≤0.011 for all; PD better) differed significantly. Keratocyte and HCEC-12 viability AUC comparing CH and HD (p≤0.027; CH better), HCEC-12 viability AUC comparing PD and HD (p=0.005; PD better) and HCEC viability AUC comparing CH and PHMB (p=0.014; CH better) differed significantly. HCEC proliferation AUC, comparing PD with PHMB, CH, DD, HD (PD worse for all)(p≤0.016 for all) and keratocyte proliferation AUC, comparing PHMB with HD, PD (p=0.004; p=0.002; PHMB better for both), CH with HD, PD (p≤0.001; CH better for both) and DD with PD (p=0.043; DD better) differed significantly. Keratocyte migration AUC comparing PD with control, PHMB, CH, DD and HD differed significantly (p≤0.012; PD worse for all).
Conclusions :
Propamidin-isethionate as diamidine and chlorhexidin as biguanide might be used clinically, to reduce cytotoxicity of antiacanthaemoeba treatment on human corneal cells. Diamidines reduce proliferation of human epithelial cells and keratocytes more than biguanides and propamidin-isethionate reduces migration of keratocytes. Therefore, with lower cytotoxicity but inhibitory effect on proliferation and migration, extended use of propamidin-isethionate should be avoided in patients.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.