Abstract
Purpose :
To examine the association of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) at baseline and the risk of developing glaucoma.
Methods :
The 45 and Up Study is a prospective cohort study from New South Wales, Australia where 266,896 participants aged ≥45 years old were enrolled in 2006-2009. Medicare MBS and PBS data linked to the participants were used to determine the presence of DM as well as the onset of glaucoma in January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2016. Cox regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) to examine the association between DM and risk of glaucoma . Glaucoma was classified into three groups, medical treatment group and surgical treatment group, including laser trabeculoplasty (SLT), filtering operation, drainage device surgery and cyclodestructive surgery.
Results :
During follow-up, 7667 patients (3.0%) were identified on medical treatment only and 2326 patients (0.9%) underwent glaucoma surgery. After controlling for age, gender, hypertension, self-report hypertension and cardiovascular disease, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, current smoking, duration of DM, insulin treated, DM at baseline was associated with an increased risk of glaucoma on medical treatment [HR=1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.18-1.36, p<0.01], and longer DM duration was also a risk factor [P-trend<0.01 ]. However, DM [HR=0.99, 95% CI=0.86-1.14, p=0.87] and DM duration [P-trend >0.05] were not associated with the risk of developing surgical glaucoma.
Conclusions :
Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of mild glaucoma, but not associated with more advanced glaucoma.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.