Abstract
Purpose :
Myopia has a higher prevalence in school-aged teenagers and the age of onset shows a younger tendency. The prevalence of myopia in children aged 7-18 years has been reported to increase from 47.5％ in 2005 to 57.1％ in 2014 In China. Some studies have suggested that visual experience in early life affected the growth of the eye and the final refractive status, which indicated that environmental factors played an impellent role in the development of myopia.
Methods :
A total of 3,439 myopia cases and 3,930 emmetropia controls were selected through stratified cluster sampling among primary and middle school students in Wuhan in China. We identified the risk factors associated with myopia using multivariate logistic regression in the case-control study. We constructed a myopia-risk score system and got the total scores for each student. We defined the probability of final myopia according to the scores and evaluate the predictive value by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Furthermore, we verified the score system through following up 160 students aged 7–9 with emmetropia for two years.
Results :
We found ten risk factors of myopia (i.e. age, urban district, gender, reading distance, illumination, break time activities, time spent on homework, distance when watching TV, doing eye exercises, and time for outdoor activities) in the case-control study. The area under the ROC was 0.750 (95% CI: 0.738 - 0.761) of the risk score system of myopia. After followed up 160 students aged 7–9 with emmetropia for two years, We found no difference between the final status of vision and predictive myopia according to the total scores by pair chi-square test (P＞0.05) .
Conclusions :
Our results indicated that the score system associated with students’ behaviors and environmental factors had a modest ability to predict the risk of myopia. We will get early warnings against myopia according to the risk scores.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.