Abstract
Purpose :
To estimate the prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) due to vision loss and to determine the main causes for this condition in Mexico from 2006 to 2016.
Methods :
From the 2016 GBD study, we performed a comprehensive extraction of the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) repository, a database of vision impairment studies in developing settings across the world. We also extracted data from the following nationally representative studies measuring self-reported near vision loss: SAGE, NHANES, the Surveys of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the Multi-Country Survey Study on Health and Responsiveness (MCSS), and the World Health Surveys (WHS). For each condition studied, cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and other causes of vision loss, we ran two DisMod-MR 2.1 models: one for moderate and severe vision loss and the other for blindness. Refractive error was assessed with three models, one for each degree of severity.
Results :
In 2016, the global prevalence of vision loss was 15,994.5 persons in thousands, whereas the prevalence by cause was as follows: refraction and accommodation disorders, 14,057.4 cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 13,536.7-14,622.3); cataract, 1,339.5 cases (95% UI 1,195.6-1,485.4); glaucoma, 92.0 cases (95% UI 77.1-107.4); macular degeneration, 45.2 cases (95% UI 37.1-55.0); and other causes, 460.4 cases (95% UI 400.3-528.2) in thousands. The YLDs due to all-cause vision loss in Mexico in 2016 was 1,241 in thousands, with the major impact due to reversible causes such as refraction and accommodation disorders (1,072.6, 95% UI 751.8-1,487.0) and cataract (112.6, 95% UI 80.8-155.0). As for non-reversible conditions, glaucoma (9.9, 95% UI 6.6-13.5) and macular degeneration (3.8, 95% UI 2.5-5.2) had the highest YDLs. Regarding the percentage change of age-standardized YDLs rates from 2006 to 2016, we observed a reduction in the YDLs for refraction and accommodation disorders (2.5%) and cataract (3.9%), and an increase for macular degeneration (5.3%) and glaucoma (1.3%). In addition, for all causes of vision loss, a wide variation between regions of the country was noted.
Conclusions :
The burden of vision loss is high in Mexico, although we have observed a descending trend from 2006 to 2016. In any case, it is urgent to implement strategies focused on the control of visual loss due to reversible and non-reversible causes.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.