Abstract
Purpose :
To investigate the clinical features and visual outcome of uveitis in patients under the age of 19 years old.
Methods :
The clinical records of patients under the age of 19 years who presented with uveitis of The University of Tokyo Hospital between 2000 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The distribution of age at onset of uveitis, gender, laterality, symptoms, anatomical classification (anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, and panuveitis), diagnosis, treatment, complications, ocular surgical history, and visual outcome were analyzed. The research followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from patients after the nature and possible consequences of the study were explained. This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The University of Tokyo Hospital.
Results :
The cohort comprised 100 patients (41 males and 59 females), with a mean age of 14.2 ± 4.3 years. Forty-one cases were unilateral, whereas 59 cases were bilateral. Primary presenting symptoms were red eye (51%), decreased vision (28%), and ocular pain (13%). Anterior uveitis was present in 44% of patients, panuveitis in 43%, and posterior uveitis in 13%. Intermediate uveitis was not observed in this study. The most common diagnosis was unclassified uveitis (33%), followed by juvenile chronic iridocyclitis (JCI) (28%) and uveitis with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (5%). During the follow-up period, 40 patients were treated with systemic immunosuppressive medications [prednisolone (n = 36), methotrexate (n = 17), and ciclosporin (n = 4)]. Ocular complications occurred in 53% of the patients, including increased intraocular pressure (32%), posterior synechia (24%), and cataract (22%). Twenty patients had a history of ocular surgery, including cataract surgery (n = 12), glaucoma surgery (n = 10), and vitrectomy (n = 4). Vitrectomy was performed due to vitreous opacity, vitreous hemorrhage, and retinal detachment. Most patients had a good visual outcome, whereas 0.1 or less (decimal) were observed in 9% of patients. The common causes for low visual acuity (0.1 or less) were serous retinal detachment, atresia iridis, and hypotonic maculopathy.
Conclusions :
JCI was the most common diagnosis in this study. Although half of the patients experienced some type of ocular complication, most of them had a good visual outcome.
This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.