DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN RURAL POPULATION, EXPERIENCE IN A MEXICAN INSTITUTION OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

Abstract

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the demographic characteristics at the first visit in patients with diabetic retinopathy in an institution with rural mexican population.

Methods : A retrospective, descriptive and observational study was done. We included 1,657 patients with diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus type 2, age more than 18 years old, based, who received ophthalmologic attention for screening or treatment for diabetic retinopathy in the Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology in Queretaro, Mexico. We review the electronic file and evaluate years with the diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus, systemic diseases associated, ocular antecedents, clinical characteristics in the retinal fundus exam were assessed.

Results : We included 3,314 eyes of 1657 patients, 24% female (401); 42.8% were 41- 60 years old, 53% >60 years old. In the systemic antecedents we found the time with diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus mean 14 years (± 8.3), diseases associated as arterial systemic hypertension 48.35% and diabetic nephropathy 6.2%.
At the first visit 5.9% of patients without diabetic systemic treatment. In the previous ocular antecedents we found LASER 49.6% and antiangiogenic treatment 24%.
Clinical characteristics of 3,314 eyes, best corrected visual acuity 3.4% with 20/20, 40.1% with 20/200 - light perception and no light perception 2.9%.
In the retinal fundus exam we found: No diabetic retinopathy in 16.8%, no proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 19.5%, proliferative in 63.7%, with tractional retinal detachment 3% and neovascular glaucoma 5.8%.

Conclusions : The population evaluated in the Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology I.A.P. for diabetic retinopathy 47% was younger than 60 years old affecting productive age, with best corrected visual acuity worst than 20/200 in 43%. Because of that it has the risk of blindness , so is very important to improve the screening programs of diabetic retinopathy for this population.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.