Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 59, Issue 9
July 2018
Volume 59, Issue 9
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   July 2018
New commercial display technologies enable threshold-based color vision screening with high cone-contrast resolution and excellent cone isolation
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Jae Choi
    Hedgefog Research Inc, San Pedro, California, United States
  • Alex Kolessov
    Hedgefog Research Inc, San Pedro, California, United States
  • Gary Mikaelian
    Hedgefog Research Inc, San Pedro, California, United States
    NIDEK CO., LTD., Gamagori, Japan
  • James Gaska
    USAF, Dayton, Ohio, United States
  • Logan Williams
    USAF, Dayton, Ohio, United States
  • Marc Winterbottom
    USAF, Dayton, Ohio, United States
  • Alex van Atta
    KBRWyle, Dayton, Ohio, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Jae Choi, None; Alex Kolessov, None; Gary Mikaelian, None; James Gaska, None; Logan Williams, None; Marc Winterbottom, None; Alex van Atta, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  U.S. Army Contract No. W81XWH-17-C-0175
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2018, Vol.59, 4043. doi:
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      Jae Choi, Alex Kolessov, Gary Mikaelian, James Gaska, Logan Williams, Marc Winterbottom, Alex van Atta; New commercial display technologies enable threshold-based color vision screening with high cone-contrast resolution and excellent cone isolation. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2018;59(9):4043.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Despite tremendous development in image display technologies, most vision exams are still performed using paper-based charts. These procedures are time consuming, labor intensive, and subject to transcription errors and “test preparation.” Display-based color vision screening would provide customized, threshold-based testing and allow integration with other vision tests in a unified platform of an automated vision tester.

Methods : Test images designed to individually stimulate a specific cone type (L, M, and S) with minimal cross stimulation, were prepared using a commercial graphics editing software. These images were displayed on commercial displays and characterized using a colorimeter. Cone-specific contrast was computed from the cone excitations based on psychophysically derived cone sensitivities by measuring the display luminance and CIE chromaticity. Short-term drift characteristics of the tested displays were also studied by repeating measurements over an extended period.

Results : Minimum contrast smaller than 0.25% was achieved for all (L, M, S) cone types. The contamination ratio, defined as the maximum contrast in unwanted cone types divided by the target-cone contrast, was below 0.5, demonstrating that selective, high-resolution stimulation of target cone types is possible. To achieve the minimum contrast below 0.25% for the M and S cones, spatial dithering was used. For the maximum stimuli, cone contrasts of 11% (L), 18% (M), and 99% (S) were measured. Shore-term (~hours to days) drift in color was not noticeable.

Conclusions : Our results indicate that commercial display technologies available today are suitable for high-accuracy color vision screening. A vision tester based on these displays, combined with a software development kit to accommodate various vision tests, will provide an integrated, cost-effective platform that can address all vision screening needs, including acuity, color, ocular motility (hyper/hypo/eso/exo phoria/tropia), and stereo.
* This work is supported by the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command under Contract No. W81XWH-17-C-0175.

This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2018 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 29 - May 3, 2018.

 

Cone-contrast measurements using test images selectively stimulating target cone types, displayed on a commercial LCD monitor. Minimum contrast of 0.25% was achieved for all three cone types.

Cone-contrast measurements using test images selectively stimulating target cone types, displayed on a commercial LCD monitor. Minimum contrast of 0.25% was achieved for all three cone types.

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