July 2019
Volume 60, Issue 9
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   July 2019
Improving Grating Acuity in Adult Amblyopia by Perceptual Learning
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Tsz Wing Leung
    School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
  • Michelle Antonucci
    School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
  • Betty Li
    School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
  • Suei Cheng Wong
    School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
  • Kin Ho Chan
    School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
  • Blake Feldmar
    School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
  • Kenneth Duy Tran
    School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
  • Chea-Su Kee
    School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
  • Roger Li
    School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Tsz Wing Leung, None; Michelle Antonucci, None; Betty Li, None; Suei Cheng Wong, None; Kin Ho Chan, None; Blake Feldmar, None; Kenneth Tran, None; Chea-Su Kee, None; Roger Li, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  HMRF 02160117, PolyU G-U994
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2019, Vol.60, 211. doi:
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      Tsz Wing Leung, Michelle Antonucci, Betty Li, Suei Cheng Wong, Kin Ho Chan, Blake Feldmar, Kenneth Duy Tran, Chea-Su Kee, Roger Li; Improving Grating Acuity in Adult Amblyopia by Perceptual Learning. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2019;60(9):211.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : To investigate whether practicing a full-contrast grating detection task modifies grating acuity in adult amblyopia.

Methods : We developed a psychophysical test using Psykinematix to measure grating acuity. In each trial, a sinusoidal grating target (0.7 deg diameter) was displayed randomly at one of four locations on the monitor screen (4-alternative forced choice). The visual task was to indicate the target location. The spatial frequency of the grating stimuli was controlled using an adaptive staircase technique (3-down 1-up; 79% correct). The mean of the last 12 reversal points was taken as grating acuity. The mean luminance of the grating targets was 70 cd/m2 and the contrast was 100%. The stimulus edge was blurred by a half-Gaussian ramp of 0.1 deg. Viewing distance was 5.5 or 6 m. Participants were required to repeatedly practice grating detection for 10 training sessions (roughly a total of 9000 response trials in 10 hrs). Audio feedback was provided for each response. Grating acuity was measured before and after the course of training. For patients with astigmatism-related amblyopia, the grating orientation was set to the axis of cylindrical correction. For other types of amblyopia, the grating orientation was set to vertical.

Results : Seven adults with amblyopia participated. Following practice, our participants showed a mean improvement of 22% ± se 4.6% in grating acuity (pretraining vs. post-training: paired t=6.52; p=0.0006). Importantly, there was a remarkable generalized transfer to visual acuity in all observers. The mean improvement in visual acuity after the course of training was 24.7% ± se 2.1%, or 0.11 logMAR (pretraining vs. post-training: paired t=7.08; p=0.0004).

Conclusions : Here we show that practicing grating detection near cut-off spatial frequency can improve amblyopic vision. Our findings characterized the learning profile of grating acuity in adult amblyopia. We are currently applying this technique to quantify visual deficits at different orientations in astigmatism-related amblyopia.

This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.

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