Abstract
Purpose :
To investigate tomographic changes associated to vitreomacular interface (VMI) diseases with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to evaluate anatomical and functional results after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgery. The correlation index between tomographic variables and fuctional response obtained after surgery has been also evaluated.
Methods :
Clinical, observational, retrospective and descriptive research study conducted in patients with diseases of the vitreomacular intephase including macular hole (MH), epiretinal membranes (ERM) and vitreomacular traction (VMT) syndrome had been treated with PPV between 2013 and 2016. Demographic, clinical, tomographic and surgical data were collected and analyzed for each entity before surgery and after 1, 6 and 12 months of follow-up.
Results :
30 eyes from 30 patients with VMI’s diseases were included in the study (14 eyes with MH, 13 with ERM and 3 with VMT. The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before surgery of the ERM was 0.62 ± 0.36 logMAR. There was statistical significance with tomographic changes although only in patients with less then 1 year of evolution (p<0.05). The mean VA before PPV in MH was 0.864 ± 0.6732 logMAR. Patients with preoperative BCVA ≥0.7 logMAR presented a statistically significant increase in mean BCVA (p = 0.027) 1 year after surgery. MH <6 months of evolution also had a statistically significant BCVA gain (p = 0.04).
Conclusions :
SD-OCT is an useful tool to detect and classify the anatomical changes induced by pathologies of the VMI, as well as to identify the regression of these changes after PPV. Surgery represents a good treatment option for these entities from the anatomical point of view, although it does not correlate in all groups with a good functional response. Prospective studies of larger size and longer evolution time are needed to corroborate this statement.
This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.