July 2019
Volume 60, Issue 9
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   July 2019
Reduced Retinal Microvasculature with Increasing Axial Length and Older Age in Healthy Myopic and Non-Myopic Eyes
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Jason Han Lee
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Rohith Voora
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Robert N Weinreb
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Mohamad Moghadam
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Christopher Bowd
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • James Proudfoot
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Sasan Moghimi
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Rafaella Penteado
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Huiyuan Hou
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Elham Ghahari
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Patricia Isabel C Manalastas
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Mark Christopher
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Akram Belghith
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Linda M Zangwill
    Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Jason Lee, None; Rohith Voora, None; Robert Weinreb, Aerie Pharmaceuticals (C), Allergan (C), Bausch&Lomb (F), Carl Zeiss Meditec (F), Centervue (F), Eyenovia (C), Genentech (F), Heidelberg Engineering (F), Implantdata (C), Konan (F), Meditec-Zeiss (P), Optos (F), Optovue (F), Sensimed (C), Topcon (F), Toromedes (P), Unity (C), Valeant (C); Mohamad Moghadam, None; Christopher Bowd, None; James Proudfoot, None; Sasan Moghimi, None; Rafaella Penteado, None; Huiyuan Hou, None; Elham Ghahari, None; Patricia Isabel Manalastas, None; Mark Christopher, None; Akram Belghith, None; Linda Zangwill, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc. (F), Heidelberg Engineering (R), Heidelberg Engineering GmbH (F), National Eye Institute (F), Optovue Inc. (F), Topcon Medical Systems Inc. (F)
  • Footnotes
    Support  EY029058, EY11008, EY19869, EY14267, EY027510, EY026574, EY029058, P30EY022589, UCSD School of Medicine Summer Research Fellowship, and participant retention incentive grants in the form of glaucoma medication at no cost from Novartis/Alcon Laboratories Inc, Allergan, Akorn, and Pfizer Inc. Unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, New York
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2019, Vol.60, 4529. doi:
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      Jason Han Lee, Rohith Voora, Robert N Weinreb, Mohamad Moghadam, Christopher Bowd, James Proudfoot, Sasan Moghimi, Rafaella Penteado, Huiyuan Hou, Elham Ghahari, Patricia Isabel C Manalastas, Mark Christopher, Akram Belghith, Linda M Zangwill; Reduced Retinal Microvasculature with Increasing Axial Length and Older Age in Healthy Myopic and Non-Myopic Eyes. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2019;60(9):4529.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : To examine the associations between axial length (AL), age, vessel density (VD) and retinal tissue thickness in healthy eyes.

Methods : 105 eyes of 57 healthy myopic and non-myopic subjects (range of axial length: 21.6–28.4 mm) between the ages of 19 and 89 were imaged from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS) using OptoVue Avanti macula (3 x 3 mm2) and optic nerve head (ONH, 4.5 x 4.5 mm2) scan protocols. Whole image superficial and deep layer macula VD and ONH whole image VD and capillary density (CD) (with large vessel removal) and peripapillary RNFL and GCC thicknesses were assessed from these scans. Multivariable linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the associations between age, AL, VD, CD, RNFL thickness, and GCC thickness after adjusting for image quality.

Results : Mean (95% CI) axial length and age was 23.9 (23.6, 24.2) mm and 58.0 (54.3, 61.8) years, respectively. Multivariable models including age and image quality indicated that AL was significantly associated with a reduction in ONH whole image VD (−0.70% per mm, p=0.005) and CD (−0.55% per mm, p=0.027) and ONH peripapillary VD (−0.71% per mm, p=0.011) and CD (−0.65% per mm, p=0.020). AL was not significantly associated with superficial or deep layer macula VD (all p≥0.44) or any OCT-measured global GCC or RNFL thicknesses (all p≥0.267).

Increasing age was also associated with a decrease in macula and ONH microvascular density. Specifically, in multivariable analysis increased age was associated with a reduction in: superficial macular whole image VD (−0.10% per year, p=0.002), superficial parafoveal VD (−0.08% per year, p=0.012), deep layer macular whole image VD (−0.06% per year, p=0.036), ONH whole image VD and CD (-0.06% and −0.05% per year, respectively both p <0.016) and peripapillary VD and CD (-0.07% and −0.05%, respectively both p<0.034). Age was also significantly associated with a reduction in global GCC (−0.035 μm per year, p<0.001) and RNFL thickness (−0.39 μm per year, p<0.001).

Conclusions : As the worldwide number of myopes increases and the population ages, information about age-related loss of microvasculature can inform the development of reference databases of vessel density measures to improve clinical evaluation of myopic and non-myopic eyes.

This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.

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